Toll-like receptor and antimicrobial peptide expression in the bovine endometrium
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Toll-like receptor and antimicrobial peptide expression in the bovine endometrium Darren Davies1, Kieran G Meade2, Shan Herath1, P David Eckersall3, Deyarina Gonzalez4, John O White4, R Steven Conlan4, Cliona O'Farrelly2 and I Martin Sheldon*4 Address: 1Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London, NW1 0TU, UK, 2Comparative Immunology Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland, 3Institute of Comparative Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Bearsden Rd, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK and 4Institute of Life Science, School of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK Email: Darren Davies - [email protected]; Kieran G Meade - [email protected]; Shan Herath - [email protected]; P David Eckersall - [email protected]; Deyarina Gonzalez - [email protected]; John O White - [email protected]; R Steven Conlan - [email protected]; Cliona O'Farrelly - [email protected]; I Martin Sheldon* - [email protected] * Corresponding author
Published: 18 November 2008 Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2008, 6:53
doi:10.1186/1477-7827-6-53
Received: 18 September 2008 Accepted: 18 November 2008
This article is available from: http://www.rbej.com/content/6/1/53 © 2008 Davies et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract Background: The endometrium is commonly infected with bacteria leading to severe disease of the uterus in cattle and humans. The endometrial epithelium is the first line of defence for this mucosal surface against bacteria and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a critical component of the innate immune system for detection of pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Antimicrobial peptides, acute phase proteins and Mucin-1 (MUC-1) also provide non-specific defences against microbes on mucosal surfaces. The present study examined the expression of innate immune defences in the bovine endometrium and tested the hypothesis that endometrial epithelial cells express functional receptors of the TLR family and the non-specific effector molecules for defence against bacteria. Methods: Bovine endometrial tissue and purified populations of primary epithelial and stromal cells were examined using RT-PCR for gene expression of TLRs, antimicrobial peptides and MUC-1. Functional responses were tested by evaluating the secretion of prostaglandin E2 and acute phase proteins when cells were treated with bacterial PAMPs such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoproteins. Results: The endometrium expressed TLRs 1 to 10, whilst purified populations of epithelial cells expressed TLRs 1 to 7 and 9, and stromal cells expressed TLRs 1 to 4, 6, 7, 9 and 10. The
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