Optical, Radiative and Chemical Characteristics of Aerosol in Changsha City, Central China
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• Original Paper •
Optical, Radiative and Chemical Characteristics of Aerosol in Changsha City, Central China Xiaoyan WU1,2, Jinyuan XIN*2,3,4, Wenyu ZHANG*1, Chongshui GONG2, Yining MA1,2, Yongjing MA1,2, Tianxue WEN2, Zirui LIU2, Shili TIAN2, Yuesi WANG2, and Fangkun WU2 1College
of Atmospheric Sciences, Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
2State
Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry,
Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China 3University 4Collaborative
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters,
Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China (Received 19 March 2020; revised 14 August 2020; accepted 21 August 2020) ABSTRACT Industrial pollution has a significant effect on aerosol properties in Changsha City, a typical city of central China. Therefore, year-round measurements of aerosol optical, radiative and chemical properties from 2012 to 2014 at an urban site in Changsha were analyzed. During the observation period, the energy structure was continuously optimized, which was characterized by the reduction of coal combustion. The aerosol properties have obvious seasonal variations. The seasonal average aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 500 nm ranged from 0.49 to 1.00, single scattering albedo (SSA) ranged from 0.93 to 0.97, and aerosol radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) ranged from −24.0 to 3.8 W m−2. The chemical components also showed seasonal variations. Meanwhile, the scattering aerosol, such as organic carbon, SO42−, NO3−, and NH4+ showed a decrease, and elemental carbon increased. Compared with observation in winter 2012, AOD and TOA decreased by 0.14 and −1.49 W m−2 in winter 2014. The scattering components, SO42−, NO3− and NH4+, decreased by 12.8 μg m−3 (56.8%), 9.2 μg m−3 (48.8%) and 6.4 μg m−3 (45.2%), respectively. The atmospheric visibility and pollution diffusion conditions improved. The extinction and radiative forcing of aerosol were significantly controlled by the scattering aerosol. The results indicate that Changsha is an industrial city with strong scattering aerosol. The energy structure optimization had a marked effect on controlling pollution, especially in winter (strong scattering aerosol). Key words: aerosol, optical properties, radiative forcing, chemical composition Citation: Wu, X. Y., and Coauthors, 2020: Optical, radiative and chemical characteristics of aerosol in Changsha City, central China. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 37(12), 1310−1322, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-020-0076-9. Article Highlights:
• High-concentration industrial aerosol strongly cooled the atmosphere–surface system. • Inorganic ions and carbonaceous aerosol were the main constituents of particulate matter. • Extinction and radiative forcing of aerosol were significantly controlled by the scattering aerosol. •
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