Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Chickpea Accessions at Reproductive Stage Under Receding Moisture Conditions
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FULL-LENGTH RESEARCH ARTICLE
Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Chickpea Accessions at Reproductive Stage Under Receding Moisture Conditions Norah Johal1
•
Jagmeet Kaur2 • Satvir Kaur Grewal3 • Sarvjeet Singh2 • Ashutosh Kushwah2
Received: 15 May 2019 / Accepted: 7 February 2020 NAAS (National Academy of Agricultural Sciences) 2020
Abstract The present study was conducted to assess the physiological and biochemical responses in the leaves of ten chickpea accessions trifurcated into moderately tolerant, intermittent and moderately sensitive on the basis of their yield losses via drought susceptibility index. Moderately sensitive accessions recorded higher decline in number of leaves and dehydrogenase activity and increased membrane permeability index (MPI) under receding moisture conditions. However, moderately tolerant genotypes, viz. GL 29078 and ICC 4958, maintained number of leaves and optimal dehydrogenase activity and lower MPI in leaves at reproductive stages by enhanced enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase that upregulated their antioxidative defense system at 75% moisture reduction levels. Furthermore, the tolerance capacity was maintained in moderately tolerant genotypes (IPCK-2009-165 and ICC 4958) due to increased proline level that acted as a positive loading variable component in principal component biplot analysis and lowered malondialdehyde content levels in leaves at receding moisture levels. Assessment of leaf tissue-specific response under lysimetric screening and its final correlation with yield adds to paramount importance and uniqueness to the current study. Keywords Lysimeter Chickpea accessions Drought susceptibility index
Introduction & Norah Johal [email protected] Jagmeet Kaur [email protected] Satvir Kaur Grewal [email protected] Sarvjeet Singh [email protected] Ashutosh Kushwah [email protected] 1
Department of Botany, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
2
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
3
Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
Chickpea ranks second in the cultivation of legume crops with 90% of its cultivated area in developing countries. The irrigation facilities in such areas are sparse, especially at reproductive stage that ultimately leads to condition of terminal drought stress [21]. Water deficit induces oxidative stress [25] that damages the internal membranes of thylakoids and the photosynthetic apparatus (PS1 and PS2) of leaves [31]. The main organelles, viz. chloroplast and mitochondria that act as the main site for the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), are also the only site for the production of photosynthates and energy source (ATP), respectively. ROS (O2-, 1O2, H2O2, OH•) are produced due to an imbalance between the production and usage of electrons that leads to dissipation of excess light energy in the leaf PSII core (P680 and P720) and antenna molecules [33]. Besides ROS, w
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