Plant Synthetic Promoters Methods and Protocols
This book assembles experimental and bioinformatics protocols for the design and experimental testing of synthetic promoters. The identification of cis-regulatory elements potentially achieving the desired expression of a gene is at the core of synth
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Reinhard Hehl Editor
Plant Synthetic Promoters Methods and Protocols
METHODS
IN
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Series Editor John M. Walker School of Life and Medical Sciences University of Hertfordshire Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, UK
For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/7651
Plant Synthetic Promoters Methods and Protocols
Edited by
Reinhard Hehl Institut für Genetik, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
Editor Reinhard Hehl Institut für Genetik Technische Universität Braunschweig Braunschweig, Germany
ISSN 1064-3745 ISSN 1940-6029 (electronic) Methods in Molecular Biology ISBN 978-1-4939-6394-2 ISBN 978-1-4939-6396-6 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-6396-6 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016949073 © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Humana Press imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer Science+Business Media LLC New York
Preface The promoter is one of the fundamental elements for spatial and temporal gene expression regulation. Understanding its function has fascinated generations of scientists. Despite many other levels of gene expression regulation at the chromatin and post-transcriptional levels, the main prerequisite for expression is the promoter-driven transcription of the genes. The detailed understanding of the regulatory elements required for transcription permits the de novo assembly of synthetic promoters by combining cis-regulatory elements with minimal promoter elements towards conferring new and specific transcription patterns in plants. Such synthetic promoters can be widely used in basic and applied research. Fused to a reporter gene, the activity of a synthetic promoter can be monitored over time and space, thus adding to our understanding of promoter function and the function of the transcription factors interacting with specific cis-elements. In the applied field, synthetic promoter
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