Preparation of electrospun polyacrylonitrile/Ni-MOF-74 nanofibers for extraction of atenolol and captopril prior to HPLC
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Preparation of electrospun polyacrylonitrile/Ni-MOF-74 nanofibers for extraction of atenolol and captopril prior to HPLC-DAD Shima Amini 1 & Homeira Ebrahimzdeh 1 & Shahram Seidi 2 & Niloofar Jalilian 1 Received: 18 March 2020 / Accepted: 5 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Electrospun nanofibers of polyacrylonitrile/Ni-metal-organic framework 74 (PAN/Ni-MOF-74) were prepared and utilized as a novel sorbent for spin-column micro-solid-phase extraction (SC-μSPE) of atenolol (ATN) and captopril (CAP). The electrospun nanofibers were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Ni-MOF-74 nanoparticles in the polymeric network of polyacrylonitrile considerably enhance the extraction efficiency of the electrospun sorbent due to providing hydrophobic, hydrogen bonding, and π-π interactions with the target analytes. The entire procedure, including sample loading, washing, and eluting of the target analytes was performed by centrifugation of the spin column. The extracted analytes were then quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector. Various parameters affecting extraction efficiency were optimized using the one-variable-at-a-time method. Under optimum conditions, the calibration plots were linear in the range 0.5–500 ng mL−1 for ATN and 0.3–500 ng mL−1 for CAP with r2 > 0.999. Limits of detection of 0.15 and 0.13 ng mL−1 were obtained for ATN and CAP, respectively. The intra-assay relative standard deviation for five replicate measurements was ≤ 7.8. The relative recoveries for both drugs were within the range 82.6–98.9%. The applicability of the method was successfully investigated for measuring the target drugs in biological fluids and wastewater. The results indicate proper accuracy and analytical performance of the proposed method. Keywords Spin-column micro-solid-phase extraction . Sample pretreatment . Electrospun nanofibers . Metal-organic framework . Antihypertensive drugs . Biological samples
Introduction Atenolol (ATN) and captopril (CAP) are two antihypertensive drugs widely consumed for the prevention and treatment of heart diseases. Inopportune use of these drugs may cause fatigue, nausea, dizziness, sleep problems, and sometimes death [1, 2]. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [3, 4], gas chromatography (GC) [5, 6], and UV Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-020-04483-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Homeira Ebrahimzdeh [email protected] 1
Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Sciences, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Pollutants, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, Tehran, Iran
2
Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
spectrophotometry [7] are the most common methods which have be
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