Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases Methods and Protocols
This book provides coverage, methodology, and laboratory protocols on the more essential aspects of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) function and regulation, including the use of standardized in vitro functional assays, suitable cell systems, and animal
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Rafael Pulido Editor
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases Methods and Protocols
METHODS
IN
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Series Editor John M. Walker School of Life and Medical Sciences University of Hertfordshire Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, UK
For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/7651
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases Methods and Protocols
Edited by
Rafael Pulido BioCruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
Editor Rafael Pulido BioCruces Health Research Institute Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
ISSN 1064-3745 ISSN 1940-6029 (electronic) Methods in Molecular Biology ISBN 978-1-4939-3744-8 ISBN 978-1-4939-3746-2 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-3746-2 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016941685 © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Humana Press imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer Science+Business Media LLC New York
Preface Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are major direct regulators of the phosphotyrosine cellular content and essential drivers of the tyrosine-phosphorylation status of key cell signaling proteins. Tyrosine phosphatases include proteins from the Cys-based PTP superfamily (containing a PTP catalytic domain and a CxxxxxR signature catalytic motif) as well as enzymes from other gene families (Asp- and His-based phosphatases) that have converged to perform dephosphorylation of biological moieties by a two-step, nucleophile-based catalytic mechanism. Such convergence illustrates the adaptive relevance and the wide variety of the dephosphorylation functions mediated by these enzymes, whose manipulation could be important for specific therapeutic targeting in human disease, including cancer, neurodevelopmental, and metabolic diseases. Moreover, since mutations in many PTP genes are associated with hereditary diseases, several PTP family members are currently relevant in disease prevention and early molecular d
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