Pyrolysis of low-density polyethylene waste plastics using mixtures of catalysts
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Pyrolysis of low‑density polyethylene waste plastics using mixtures of catalysts Aya Soliman1 · Hassan A. Farag2 · Ehssan Nassef1 · A. Amer2 · Yehia ElTaweel2 Received: 14 November 2019 / Accepted: 26 March 2020 © Springer Japan KK, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In the present paper, LDPE has been pyrolysed in a 1 m length semi pilot reactor at temperature range 550–650 °C for around 2 h. Commercial bentonite, kaoline, silica Gel and activated charcoal have been used as catalyst. Liquid, gas and solid fractions (residue) were quantified. Effects of pyrolysis temperature and catalysts on liquid product were investigated. It was found that using catalyst gave shorter dripping time and this dripping started at a lower temperature. PIONA analysis of liquid product has been carried out and the highest percentage of olefins was found on using bentonite as a catalyst. Keywords Pyrolysis · Plastics · Catalysts · Waste · Activated charcoal · Bentonite · Kaoline · Silica gel
Introduction The contamination brought by the accumulation of plastic products is a serious risk to nature and to human beings. To minimize the plastic disposal to landfill, recycling method is considered as another choice to overcome plastic waste. Recycling plastic has proven difficult and it can be expensive because of the restrictions on water contamination and inadequate separation prior to recycle. Separation is required since plastics are made of various resin compounds. Pigmented plastics have lower market cost. Clearly, transparent plastics are desirable by the manufactures because they can be dyed to change into new products, thus they have greater adaptability [1–3]. * Aya Soliman [email protected] Hassan A. Farag [email protected] Ehssan Nassef [email protected] A. Amer [email protected] Yehia ElTaweel [email protected] 1
Petrochemical Department, Faculty of Engineering, Pharos University, Alexandria, Egypt
Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
2
Considering the fact that excessive demand of plastics have been received every year, the decrease of fossil fuel such as coal, gas and especially petroleum that made up plastic itself has gained incredible enthusiasm to many researchers to develop potential energy resources due to the rising in energy demand. Recently, the energy conversion from waste has been an intelligent method to fully utilize the waste to satisfy the increased energy demand. The conversion of plastics to valuable energy is feasible as they are derived from petrochemical sources, essentially having high calorific value. Thus pyrolysis is one of the routes to waste minimization that has been picking up interest recently. Pyrolysis is the process of thermally degrading long-chain polymer molecules into smaller one, less complex molecules through heat and pressure. The process requires severe heat with shorter period and in the absence of oxygen [3–8]. The three main products produced during pyrolysis are o
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