Application of surface-imprinted polymers supported by hydroxyapatite in the extraction of zearalenone in various cereal
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RESEARCH PAPER
Application of surface-imprinted polymers supported by hydroxyapatite in the extraction of zearalenone in various cereals Yunxia Zhang 1 & Juan He 1 & Lixin Song 2 & Huige Wang 1 & Zhipeng Huang 1 & Qiuyang Sun 1 & Xin Ba 3 & Yuanyuan Li 1 & Liqin You 1 & Shusheng Zhang 3 Received: 16 January 2020 / Revised: 13 March 2020 / Accepted: 20 March 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Surface-imprinted polymers supported by hydroxyapatite (HAP@MIPs) were prepared using coumarin-3-carboxylic acid and naringenin as dummy template molecules of zearalenone (ZEA). HAP@MIPs were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, particle size distribution analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The adsorption performance was studied. The results showed that it could reach the adsorption equilibrium within 6 min. The adsorption amount could reach 6.77 μg mg−1, while the concentration was 20 μg mL−1. The self-made solid-phase extraction (SPE) columns were prepared with HAP@MIPs as sorbents for the separation and purification of ZEA in cereal samples. The method was established by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The recoveries were in the range of 70.09–101.88%; the relative standard deviation was 2.06–8.47%. Finally, millet, coix lachryma, and corn were placed under extreme conditions to produce ZEA. The method was used to extract and analyze ZEA in the above samples. The results showed that self-made SPE columns with HPLC could be used for the separation and enrichment of ZEA in real samples. Keywords Surface molecularly imprinted polymers . Solid-phase extraction . Hydroxyapatite . Zearalenone
Introduction Grain will be seriously contaminated by mycotoxins in the humid environment during the harvest and the long-term storage [1]. Among them, zearalenone (ZEA) is one of the most widespread mycotoxins in food contamination [2]. ZEA is a resorcylic acid lactone and has good heat resistance [3]. It is difficult to completely destroy in daily cooking. ZEA has strong reproductive, developmental toxicity, and teratogenic Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-020-02610-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Juan He [email protected] 1
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
2
Henan Vocational College of Water Resources and Environment, Zhengzhou 450001, China
3
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
effects [4, 5]. Abid-Essefi et al. [6] have drawn some conclusions. When cultured cells were exposed to zearalenone, the cytotoxicity can inhibit the synthesis of DNA and protein. ZEA was found to result in reduced cell viability and even apoptosis. The maximum limit of ZEN in corn and other grains is 60 μg kg−1 in the National Standard in China’s food safety standards [7]. Therefo
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