Associations of Metals and Neurodevelopment: a Review of Recent Evidence on Susceptibility Factors
- PDF / 743,533 Bytes
- 26 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 29 Downloads / 147 Views
ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY (F LADEN AND J HART, SECTION EDITOR)
Associations of Metals and Neurodevelopment: a Review of Recent Evidence on Susceptibility Factors Julia A. Bauer 1,2
&
Victoria Fruh 3 & Caitlin G. Howe 2,4 & Roberta F. White 1,5 & Birgit Claus Henn 1
Accepted: 21 September 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Purpose of Review Epidemiologic evidence exists that many metals are associated with adverse neurobehavioral effects in young children, including lead (Pb), methylmercury (meHg), manganese (Mn), and arsenic (As) (Antunes dos Santos et al. J Trace Elem Med Biol. 38:99–107; Tolins et al. Ann Glob Health. 80(4):303–14; Vollet et al. Curr Environ Health Rep. 3(4):392–404; Bellinger Curr Opin Pediatr. 20(2):172–7). Importantly, chemical insult can vary depending on host factors and exposure circumstance. This systematic review summarizes the recent literature investigating modifying factors of the associations between metals and neurodevelopment, including immutable traits (sex or genetics) or exposure conditions (timing or coexposures). Recent Findings Of the 53 studies included in this review, the number investigating the modification of exposure effects was as follows: 30 for sex, 21 for co-exposures, 12 for timing of exposure, and six for genetic modifiers. Sex-specific effects of metalneurobehavioral associations were inconclusive for all metals, likely due to the heterogeneity of outcome domains assessed and the exposure time points measured. Seven studies evaluated both sex and exposure timing as modifying factors using deciduous teeth or other biomarkers with repeated measures to characterize metals exposure over time. Only five studies used statistical methods for mixtures to evaluate associations of more than two metals with neurobehavioral domains. Summary Despite the expansion of research on susceptibility to the neurodevelopmental effects of metals exposure, considerable gaps remain. This work remains critical, as characterizing susceptible subpopulations can aid in identifying biological mechanisms and is fundamental for the protection of public health. Keywords Metals . Neurodevelopment . Lead . Mercury . Arsenic . Manganese . Children
Introduction In the USA, one in six children lives with a developmental disability and prevalence continues to rise [1]. While the
etiology of cognitive and behavioral dysfunctions is complex, evidence supports the substantial involvement of environmental factors, even at low doses [2, 3]. Many metals and metalloids (hereafter collectively referred to as metals) are
This article is part of the Topical Collection on Environmental Epidemiology * Julia A. Bauer [email protected]
1
Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
2
Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, 1 Medical Center Dr., Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
3
Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
4
Department of Preventive M
Data Loading...
