Biosorption of heavy metal arsenic from Industrial Sewage of Davangere District, Karnataka, India, using indigenous fung
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Biosorption of heavy metal arsenic from Industrial Sewage of Davangere District, Karnataka, India, using indigenous fungal isolates D. Abhijna Tanvi2 · K. M. Pratam2 · R. T. Lohit2 · B. K. Vijayalakshmi2 · T. N. Devaraja3 · M. Vasudha1 · A. Ramesh1 · Prashantkumar S. Chakra1 · Devaraja Gayathri1 Received: 13 May 2020 / Accepted: 3 October 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Contamination of soil and water bodies with heavy metals like arsenic (As) is of major concern, since arsenic is non-biodegradable, toxic and causes ill effects to gastrointestinal system, skin, liver, kidney or neurological functions. In addition, animals affected by arsenic pollution through fodder intern enter to food chain. Hence, there is an urgent need to address heavy metal arsenic pollution especially through bioremediation. In this context, biosorption with indigenous microbiota has gained more interest in recent years as it is cost-effective, eco-friendly approach and with no adverse effects. In the present study, arsenic (As III)-resistant strains of fungi were isolated from soil samples collected from various locations of industrial sewage disposal sites of Davangere District, India, and screened. Among five fungal isolates, Aspergillus spp APR-1 and APR-2 showed greater resistance to arsenic in the laboratory conditions. In order to increase the surface area for biosorption, APR-1 and APR-2 isolates were immobilized on Luffa aegyptiaca (sponge gourd) (an agro-waste as biosorbent). With 250 mM arsenic solution, Aspergillus spp APR-1 and APR-2 showed biosorption of 53.94 and 52.54%, respectively, on inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry analysis and the adsorption of the fungal isolates on sponge gourd was confirmed using scanning electron microscopy. APR-1 isolate was further characterized by 18 s rDNA typing and identified as Aspergillus niger. Industrial scale application perhaps is taken up using selected fungal strains and mitigates the arsenic pollution in urban sewage. Keywords Biosorption · Luffa aegyptiaca · Aspergillus niger · Arsenic
1 Introduction A major deal of concern has been articulated over problems of soil and water contamination with heavy metals, due to overexploitation of natural resources: rapid industrialization and urbanization [1]. These heavy metals may originate from different sources in urbanized areas, such as vehicle emissions, textile, leather, tannery, mining,
electroplating, galvanizing, pigment and dyes, metallurgical and paint industrial discharges, heavy metal-containing fertilizers, and pesticides in agricultural fields, sewage sludge and urban soil sludge. These are typical contaminants as well as useful indicators of environment pollutions. Arsenic (As) is a frequent and naturally occurring element that is found in the earth’s crust, organic world,
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-03622-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Devaraja Gayathri
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