Characterization of two complete mitochondrial genomes of Pterocryptis anomala (Siluridae) and its phylogeny and cryptic
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Characterization of two complete mitochondrial genomes of Pterocryptis anomala (Siluridae) and its phylogeny and cryptic diversity Weitao Chen 1
&
Yuefei Li 1 & Yujie He 1,2 & Xinhui Li 1 & Jie Li 1
Received: 12 May 2020 / Accepted: 25 August 2020 # Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences 2020
Abstract Pterocryptis anomala (Siluridae) is an endemic fish species that is distributed in the drainage basins of Southern China. In this study, we reported the complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of two P. anomala specimens from different rivers using next-generation sequencing. The gene composition and the structural arrangement of the mitogenomes were similar to those of most other teleosts, although we examined a longer length of control region in these mitogenomes than that in most of published Siluridae mitogenomes. Phylogenetic analyses combining our novel sequences with published mitogenomes and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) sequences indicated the monophyly of Pterocryptis and a sister relationship between species P. anomala and P. cochinchinensis. However, the monophyly of Pterocryptis was not very robust as a limited number of species were included in our analyses. Additionally, we uncovered that a hidden diversity might occur in P. anomala populations. The likely causes for this cryptic diversity might be the geologic movements of intense uplift of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau and evolution of Asian monsoons, as well as low vagility of P. anomala. Our results yielded crucially important insights into the genetic resources, phylogeny and diversity of this endemic species. Keywords Pterocryptis anomala . Mitochondrial genome . Phylogenetic analyses . Cryptic diversity
Introduction Genus Pterocryptis Peters, 1861, an important catfish member of the family Siluridae, resides mainly in fast-flowing mountain streams throughout India, Southern China and Southeast Asia (Ng and Freyhof 2001; Ng and Chan 2005). This genus was formerly regarded as a junior synonym of Silurus untill Bornbusch (1991) re-described and re-classifited it. To date, a total of 17 valid Pterocryptis species have been reported (Ng and Chan 2005; http://fishbase.org). Nevertheless, because specimens are comparatively difficult to acquire, research Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.2478/s11756-020-00582-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Jie Li [email protected] 1
Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
2
College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
focused on the genus is scarce. Previous studies have been involved mainly in describing new species (Ng and Kottelat 1998; Ng and Freyhof 2001), revalidating species (Ng and Chan 2005), and reporting several sequences in DNA barcodes and phylogenetic studies (Hardman 2005; Sullivan et al. 2006; Patil et al. 2018). Hence, little is known about Pterocryptis spe
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