Chitosan-PEO nanofiber mats for copper removal in aqueous solution using a new versatile electrospinning collector
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Chitosan‑PEO nanofiber mats for copper removal in aqueous solution using a new versatile electrospinning collector Ilse Ileana Cardenas Bates1 · Éric Loranger1 · Bruno Chabot1 Received: 20 June 2020 / Accepted: 13 August 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Electrospun chitosan–polyethylene oxide nanofiber mats were fabricated using a new collector design. Besides being reusable, it allows to assess the desired morphology of the mat in a quicker way. To test its efficiency, nonwoven mats designed for water treatment applications were prepared using conditions never been reported before. Under these conditions, continuous and flawless nanofibers of 151 ± 36 nm in diameter were achieved. Adsorption capacity of the mats for copper ions in aqueous solutions were investigated. Results showed that sorption equilibrium was achieved within 150 min with a homogenous distribution of copper ions within the nanofibrous mats. The pseudo-second order kinetic model best fitted the experimental data. The Langmuir isotherm best described the sorption process with a maximum adsorption capacity of 124 mg/g for trial temperatures ranging from 25 to 60 °C. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔG°, ΔH° and ΔS°) demonstrate that the adsorption was feasible, endothermic and spontaneous. The desorption potential and mat’s reusability were also studied. Results reveal that the electrospun chitosan mats can be desorbed and reused up to 5 cycles without significant loss in adsorption performance. Keywords Water purification · Chitosan electrospun nanofibers · Electrospinning collector · Copper ions adsorption · Sorbent reusability
1 Introduction Water contamination, especially by toxic heavy metals, has become a major concern over the last decades around the world [1–3]. This is particularly the case in developing and fast-growing countries where rapid industrialization increases demand for water with clear effects on the supply of safe drinking water and access to adequate sanitation services for the population [4, 5]. In such cases, heavy metal wastewaters are in some way discharged into the environment. This is a serious problem as heavy metals are not biodegradable, very toxic and have a carcinogenic effect in living organisms where they can be accumulated [6–8]. Among them, copper ions are frequently detected in waste streams and natural waters, since it is widely used
in electrical, machinery, semiconductor, and many other industries. Extensive studies have demonstrated that copper ions discharged into the water can cause serious detrimental effects to human health of which mainly cirrhosis, vomit and central nervous system-related effects [9, 10]. To limit those negative impacts, industries need to reduce their pollution loads before wastewater discharge into the environment. Therefore, appropriate treatment technologies must be used. Numerous techniques are available from which the adsorption process is among the most effective thanks to its simplicity, easy handling and economic feasibility, providing high efficiency to remo
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