Culture of the brown seaweed Sargassum siliquosum J. Agardh (Phaeophyceae, Ochrophyta): from hatchery to out-planting
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Culture of the brown seaweed Sargassum siliquosum J. Agardh (Phaeophyceae, Ochrophyta): from hatchery to out-planting Danilo B. Largo 1,2
&
Annie G. Diola 1 & Gemlyn Mar S. Rance 1
Received: 19 March 2020 / Revised and accepted: 13 August 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The brown seaweed Sargassum siliquosum is among the most common species with economic potential in the Philippines. However, reports on its culture are non-existent. This study describes the culture of S. siliquosum from land-based hatchery to out-planting in the open sea. Zygotes released from female receptacles can be recruited in large quantities unto artificial substrates and within 24 h produce multicellular embryos characterized by multiple bundles of rhizoids, and after 48–72 h elongated into germlings. After 2.5 months, germlings formed cauline leaves, and after 4 months, developed branches as seedlings. Recruits favored clay substrate than limestone and nylon in terms of density, growth, and longevity of seedlings. Desiccation treatment at different periods resulted to lower recruit density compared with control, had inferior growth and shorter longevity in all substrate types. For a period of 16 months, growth of S. siliquosum in the hatchery tanks was very slow, but became faster when outplanted in open sea using suspension culture method. Cultivars developed more branches after 4 months, at the same time producing receptacles. Maximum growth was achieved after 6 months, reaching a mean length of 42.8 ± 30.9 cm (max recorded was 1 m), some cultivars starting to show signs of senescence. In contrast, seedlings deployed using the bottom culture method survived for 3 months only without signs of further growth mainly due to epiphytism, siltation, and grazing. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the feasibility of farming S. siliquosum from hatchery-produced seedlings using suspension culture method to produce biomass for commercial use. Keywords Artificial substrates . Bottom culture . Sargassum siliquosum culture . Seaweed hatchery . Suspension culture
Introduction The brown seaweed Sargassum is widely distributed from tropical to temperate regions of the world, forming large biomass in shallow, rocky areas (Nizamuddin 1962; Phillips 1995). It is a potential source for valuable chemicals, such as alginates and alginic acids that have wide applications in the food and beverages, and biomedical, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmeceutical industries (Montaño et al. 2006; Borines et al. 2011; Makkar et al. 2016; Lim et al. 2018; Pereira 2018). Sargassum is yet to be fully exploited on a
* Danilo B. Largo [email protected] 1
Department of Biology, University of San Carlos – Talamban Campus, Talamban, 6000 Cebu City, Philippines
2
Research, Development, Extension and Publications Office, University of San Carlos – Talamban Campus, Talamban, 6000 Cebu City, Philippines
wider, commercial scale in the Philippines and in many parts of Asia. Its harvesting in the Philippines caters mainly to the export of raw materials, r
