Development of microsatellite markers for grasscutter ( Thryonomys swinderianus, RODENTIA ) using next-generation sequen
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TECHNICAL NOTE
Development of microsatellite markers for grasscutter (Thryonomys swinderianus, RODENTIA) using next-generation sequencing technology Christopher Adenyo • Azusa Hayano Eiji Inoue • Boniface B. Kayang • Miho Inoue-Murayama
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Received: 6 June 2012 / Accepted: 23 June 2012 / Published online: 5 July 2012 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012
Abstract The grasscutter (Thryonomys swinderianus) is a hystricomorph rodent that inhabits mainly Sub-Saharan Africa and its meat is highly relished by most people in this region. The animal is hunted in the wild using techniques that are sometimes detrimental to the environment. It is therefore being domesticated to make the meat readily available to forestall the negative consequences of hunting. There are currently no genetic markers available and we report here, 33 novel microsatellite markers developed using next-generation sequencing technology. The number of alleles ranged from 3 to 11 (mean 6.4) while the observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.188 to 1.000 (mean 0.591) and 0.322–0.873 (mean 0.713), respectively. Cumulative probability of identity (PI) for all loci was very low (PI = 3.1 9 10-33), indicating that these markers can be used for individual identification in the domestic setting. They will also be useful to study the genetic diversity of the grasscutter in the wild for population monitoring and conservation. Keywords Grasscutter Domestication Next-generation sequencing Microsatellites
C. Adenyo A. Hayano M. Inoue-Murayama (&) Wildlife Research Center of Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8203, Japan e-mail: [email protected] E. Inoue Laboratory of Human Evolution Studies, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan B. B. Kayang Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Consumer Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
The grasscutter (Thryonomys swinderianus) is a hystricomorph rodent that is widely distributed in Sub-Saharan Africa (Jori et al. 1995; van der Merwe 2007). Its meat is a delicacy in most parts of this region, especially western Africa (Adu and Yeboah 2000; Addo et al. 2002). In most of these places, the grasscutter is hunted from the wild using crude methods such as fire and poisonous baits, which are obviously detrimental to the habitats and survival of other wild animals, as well as pose imminent danger to the health of consumers of such bush meat (Adu et al. 1999; Assogbadjo et al. 2005). Efforts are therefore being made to domesticate the grasscutter to make the meat readily available to forestall the negative consequences of hunting the species. Successful domestication and commercialization of the grasscutter will make it the first animal to be domesticated in West Africa and the fourth in Africa, in addition to donkey, guinea fowl and ostrich (Mignon-Grasteau et al. 2005). We describe here the development of novel microsatellite markers of the grasscutter, which will be useful in the domestication process as well as to assess and monitor its conserv
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