Diet Survey and Trophic Position of Macrobrachium nipponense in the Food Web of Anzali Wetland
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GENERAL WETLAND SCIENCE
Diet Survey and Trophic Position of Macrobrachium nipponense in the Food Web of Anzali Wetland Alireza Mirzajani 1 & Ahmad Ghane & Siamak Bagheri 1 & Keyvan Abbasi 1 & Mostafa Sayadrahim 1 & Morteza Salahi 2 & Fatemeh Lavajoo 2 Received: 23 May 2019 / Accepted: 7 February 2020 # Society of Wetland Scientists 2020
Abstract The oriental river shrimp (Macrobrachium nipponense), an exotic species, has been well adapted and dispersed in Iranian freshwater ecosystems. The feeding ecology and trophic level of this species in the Anzali Wetland, southwestern Caspian Sea, was investigated by both a traditional method and the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope technique. The highest feeding index (FI) was seen in mollusca at 35.9%, followed by detritus at 31.3%. While no significant differences were observed in the preference of food items among different seasons. A Bayesian mixing model was used to estimate the contributions of the stomach contents to the isotopic signature of M. nipponense. According to mixing model results, M. nipponense obtain food from gastropod, fish, shrimp (as cannibalism), insecta, other crustacea, aquatic plants, worms, zooplankton, and unrecognizable content (as detritus) with 30.6%, 16.8%, 12.7%, 5.2%, 4.3%, 3.5%, 0.6%, 0.3%, and 25.9%, respectively. M. nipponense showed a high δ15N and its trophic level (TL = 3.38) was at the top of the Anzali Wetland food web, close to commercially important fish species such as pike, Esox Lucius. Being at this trophic level, this shrimp is expected to possess high nutritional quality for human consumption. Keywords Anzali wetland . Macrobrachium nipponense . Natural diet . Stable isotope
Introduction Among the 116 genera of Palaemonidae, Macrobrachium Bate, 1868, is distributed world-wide in tropical and subtropical regions and successfully occupies estuarine and freshwater habitats. Some species of Macrobrachium have escaped from aquaculture farms and become “invasive” outside their native range of distribution (Anger 2013). M. nipponense was assumed to have originated in mainland China, and then, dispersed to Taiwan during the Pleistocene period (Chen et al. 2009). It has been broadly distributed throughout East Asia (i.e. China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam,
* Alireza Mirzajani [email protected] 1
Inland waters Aquaculture Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), P.O. Box 66, Bandar-e Anzali, Iran
2
Faculty of Marine Sciences and Technology, Hormozgan University, P.O. Box 3995, Bandar Abbas, Iran
Myanmar, and Taiwan) (Cai and Ng 2002; Chen et al. 2009). Although a number of river shrimps exist in the estuaries, some populations are found in inland freshwater lakes because of a shift in habitat from estuarine to inland freshwater (Mashiko 1983; Chen et al. 2015). This species has been introduced to many countries such as Singapore, Philippines (Cai and Shokita 2006), Uzbekistan (Mirabdullaev and Niyazov 2005) and southern Iraq (Salman et al.
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