Differential accumulation of osmolytes in 4 cultivars of peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) under drought stress
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J. Crop Sci. Biotech. 2013 (June) 16 (2) : 151~159 DOI No. 10.1007/s12892-012-0102-2 RESEARCH ARTICLE
Differential Accumulation of Osmolytes in 4 Cultivars of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under Drought Stress Thangella A. V. Padmavathi1, Daggu Manohar Rao1,* Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500 007, India
1
Received: September 21, 2012 / Revised: December 27, 2012 / Accepted: April 19, 2013 Ⓒ Korean Society of Crop Science and Springer 2013
Abstract The study investigates the differential accumulation of osmolytes and their contribution to osmotic adjustment in leaf tissue of peanut under drought stress. Plants of four peanut cultivars, obtained from ICRISAT, with varying degrees of drought tolerance were subjected to 10, 15, and 20 days of drought stress by withholding irrigation to 20-day-old seedlings. Leaf samples were collected on 31st, 36th, and 41st days from these stressed plants along with their respective controls. The results indicated that ICGV 91114 was the most drought-tolerant variety followed by ICGS 76 and J 11, while JL 24 was the most drought susceptible. The leaves of ICGV 91114 maintained higher RWC and chlorophyll pigments under water stress compared to JL 24. The contents of all the biochemicals were found to be the maximum in ICGV 91114 and least in JL 24 during stress periods. Drought induced increase in the contents of TSS and TRS were significantly higher in ICGV 91114 under 15 days of water stress compared to the other three varieties and stress periods, while TLP, total free amino acids and total proline were higher in 20-day-old stressed plants of ICGV 91114 and the lowest in 10-day-old stressed plants of JL 24. In the control plants of all four varieties, there was a steady increase in the contents of all these biochemicals with an increase in the age of the plants. The results suggest that osmolytes act as important compatible solutes to maintain osmotic balance, to protect cellular macromolecules, and scavenge free radicals under water stress conditions. Key words: chlorophyll pigments, drought stress, leaf tissue, osmolytes, proline, RWC Abbreviations:DAS: days after sowing, DNSA: 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid, ds: day stressed, RWC:relative water content, TLP:total leaf protein, TNRS:total non-reducing sugars, TRS:total reducing sugars, TSS:total soluble sugars
Introduction Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) plays an important role both as an oil seed and food crop, especially in developing countries, due to high amounts of edible oil (36-55%) and protein (25-32%) content (Knauft and Ozias-Akins 1995). In the semiarid tropics where about 70% of the peanuts are grown, drought is a major constraint to peanut production at different stages of growth resulting in drastic reduction in its yield and quality (Rucker et al. 1995) and the magnitude of reduction depends on the varieties used (Shinde et al. 2010). Drought is Daggu Manohar Rao (
) E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Tel: +91-93924 72727 / Fax: +91- 40- 27096170
The Korean Society of Crop
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