Effect of Cannabis sativa L. root, leaf and inflorescence ethanol extracts on the chemotrophic response of entomopathoge
- PDF / 864,956 Bytes
- 13 Pages / 547.087 x 737.008 pts Page_size
- 20 Downloads / 215 Views
REGULAR ARTICLE
Effect of Cannabis sativa L. root, leaf and inflorescence ethanol extracts on the chemotrophic response of entomopathogenic nematodes Žiga Laznik & Iztok Jože Košir & Katarina Košmelj & Jana Murovec & Anamarija Jagodič & Stanislav Trdan & Darja Kocjan Ačko & Marko Flajšman Received: 5 May 2020 / Accepted: 24 August 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Aims Soils represent the natural habitat of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs). When moving in soil, EPNs are oriented to follow a chemical signal (chemotaxis). Cannabis sativa L. is known to secrete a very wide spectrum of secondary metabolites. Ethanol extracts (EE) of different C. sativa L. organs were used to study the effect on EPN chemotaxis. Methods The root, leaf and inflorescence EE of two hemp varieties and two medical cannabis breeding lines were used in laboratory chemotaxis assays with three EPN species (Steinernema carpocapsae, S. feltiae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora) at 20 and 25 °C. The content of terpenes and cannabinoids in C. sativa L. inflorescences was measured as well. Results Overall, EPNs were most attracted or repelled by inflorescence extracts, followed by leaves and roots. The most abundant terpene in hemp inflorescences was trans caryophyllene (38.2% on average), the highest
contents of total cannabidiol, total cannabigerol and total tetrahydrocannabinol were 9.65%, 0.89% and 0.62%, respectively. Conclusions The attraction effect of S. sativa L. EE is a highly interesting outcome and could lead to the development of attractant compounds in EPN biological control. Cannabinoids and terpenes may be responsible for pronounced effects on EPN chemotaxis. Keywords Cannabis . Steinernema . Heterorhabditis . Chemotaxis . Terpenes . Cannabinoids Abbreviations EPNs Entomopathogenic nematodes IJs Infective juveniles THC Tetrahydrocannabinol CBD Cannabidiol CBG Cannabigerol VOCs Volatile organic compounds
Responsible Editor: Matthew G. Bakker. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-020-04693-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Ž. Laznik : K. Košmelj : J. Murovec : A. Jagodič : S. Trdan : D. K. Ačko : M. Flajšman (*) Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Agronomy, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia e-mail: [email protected] I. J. Košir Slovenian Institute of Hop Research and Brewing, Cesta Žalskega tabora 2, SI-3310 Žalec, Slovenia
Introduction The excessive use of conventional chemical pesticides in crop protection imposes a severe negative impact on the sustainability of the environment and biodiversity in ecosystems (Mahmood et al. 2016). Moreover, synthetic pesticides also have serious toxic effects on human health (Hayo and Werf 1996). Although these chemicals pose major hazards to the biotic life and environment, the use of pesticides in agriculture has been increasing by almost
Plant Soil
1% a year on average in the last decade (FAOSTAT 2019). This brings into f
Data Loading...
