Effect of Extending Seedling-raising Period on Yield of Transplanting Sugar Beet ( Beta vulgaris ) in Black Soil Area of
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Effect of Extending Seedling-raising Period on Yield of Transplanting Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris) in Black Soil Area of Northeast China Xiangming Zhu1
•
Bingjin Han1 • Baiquan Song2 • Ji Yang2
Received: 14 May 2020 / Accepted: 15 July 2020 Ó Society for Sugar Research & Promotion 2020
Abstract Paper pot seedling-raising technique is generally regarded as a high-yield strategy for sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) because it can accelerate leaf formation in early spring. But little is known about the optimal seedlingraising period in black soil area of Northeast China. In order to investigate the effect of extension of seedlingraising duration on yield of sugar beet, two field trials were carried out in 2011–2012 in black soil area of Northeast China. The results showed that leaf and root yield formation could well be described by thermal time in the whole season. The extension of seedling-raising period was helpful to cultivate good quality seedlings. The transplanted sugar beet with 35–40 days seedling-raising period had the highest yield, with average yield ranging from 60.5 to 62.7 t ha-1, 10.4–13.6% higher than that with 25 days seedling-raising period. There were no detectable differences in seedling-raising periods for sugar concentration. In a regular year, it was suggested that transplanting sugar beet in black soil area of Northeast China should be sown before April 8 and raised for 35–40 days in greenhouse in order to obtain a marked yield increase. Keywords Seedling-raising technique Thermal time Root yield Sugar concentration
& Xiangming Zhu [email protected] 1
Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
2
Sugar Beet Institute of CAAS, Harbin 150501, China
Introduction Sugar, an essential component for human diet, is meanwhile an important raw material for the food, beverage and medicine industry. Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is one of the most important sugar crops in the developing world and accounts for approximately 13% of China’s sugar production (Bin and Pan 2010; Geng and Yang 2015). In China, due to shortage of land resources and underdeveloped mechanization in sugarcane planting area, sugarcane production has been greatly reduced. More and more sugar enterprises pay attention to sugar beet production in China. Consequently, sugar beet industry is considered to be important to guarantee China’s sugar security. Black soil area of Northeast China is one of the main sugar beet production regions in China because of its unique climatic conditions and high organic matter soil (Geng and Yang 2015). Due to the early spring hardiness in this area, the traditional normal sowing date is usually around late April to obtain an acceptable survival rate. Therefore, canopy closure necessary for optimum light interception is usually reached after the middle of June, at which the radiation maximum of the year has already passed. The non-coincidence of canopy development and radiation course dr
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