Energy dissipation model for wireless sensor networks: a survey
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Energy dissipation model for wireless sensor networks: a survey Nihar Ranjan Roy1,2
•
Pravin Chandra1
Received: 28 December 2018 / Accepted: 17 October 2019 Ó Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management 2019
Abstract In order to accurately estimate network lifetime of wireless sensor network, an extensive and accurate energy model is very important. It has been observed that most of the existing energy models consider only few sources of energy dissipation due to which they are likely to over estimate the network lifetime. In this paper, we have surveyed prominent protocols on the basis of the sources of energy dissipation proposed by them. We have critically analysed the analytical methods of estimation of energy dissipation and tabulated our findings. Findings of this paper can be used by researchers for designing of more accurate and energy efficient protocols for wireless sensor networks. Keywords Wireless sensor network Energy model Lifetime estimation Sources of energy dissipation
1 Introduction Wireless sensor networks (WSNs), consists of small sensor nodes which can sense physical properties of the environment where they are deployed and transmit the collected data to a central node (sink). Wireless sensor networks
& Nihar Ranjan Roy [email protected] Pravin Chandra [email protected] 1
University School of Information, Communication and Technology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi, India
2
School of Engineering, GD Goenka University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
have many applications including; battlefield, smart houses [34], surveillance, industrial diagnostics, habitat monitoring [11, 12], etc. In comparison to other traditional networks for wired and wireless systems, wireless sensor networks are different because of limited source of energy, low computational capacity, dynamically changing network topology and desolate area of deployment. Limited battery supply is a prime challenge for WSNs. In certain cases, the region of deployment of nodes is such that it is either very difficult or impossible to replace their batteries. There are two solutions to this: one is to adopt an energy harvesting technique [28, 33] and secondly adopt a low power dissipation approach [4, 18, 24, 32]. Estimating lifetime of network is very important in WSNs. To accurately estimate lifetime of a sensor node and hence network, an accurate energy dissipation model is required. In the last two decades many energy models have been proposed, but these models do not exploit or use all the measurable sources of energy dissipation in WSN. Need of a comprehensive survey on existing, prominent energy models for WSNs is realised and presented in this work. Mainly there are seven sources of energy dissipation in WSN: Communication, Controller Processing, Data Processing, Sensing, Actuation, Transient and Cluster formation. It is observed that even the modern protocols/research works do not exploit all these 7 sources of energy dissipation as shown
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