Genotyping of the Echinococcus granulosus in Paraffin-Embedded Human Tissue Samples from Iran
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Genotyping of the Echinococcus granulosus in Paraffin‑Embedded Human Tissue Samples from Iran Hadi Mirahmadi1 · Mahmoudreza Behravan2 · Abbasali Raz3 · Davoud Tasa4 · Mohammad Hasan Namaei5 · Rahmat Solgi5 Received: 6 August 2020 / Accepted: 5 November 2020 © Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences 2020
Abstract Purpose Cystic Echinococcosis (CE) is a medically important disease that is caused by the metacestodes of Echinococcus granulosus. Human hydatid is considered an endemic disease in specific regions of Iran. The goal of the present study was to determine the genetic diversity of E. granulosus from the paraffin-embedded human tissue samples which were collected from the endemic regions of Iran. Methods Fifty-five formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded hydatid cysts (FFPE) of humans, which had been removed surgically, were obtained from the South Khorasan and Sistan and Baluchistan provinces. These regions are related to the East and Southeast regions of Iran, respectively. The cox1 and nad1 genes from mitochondria were amplified from the extracted DNA and sequenced. The sequences were edited using the BioEdit software. Furthermore, phylogenetic and genetic diversity analyses were performed. Results Sequencing of the cox1 and nad1 genes from the 44 CE samples was done successfully. Genetic analysis revealed that 38 (86.3%) and 6 (13.6%) of the isolates were G1- and G6-genotypes, respectively. In general, eight and six haplotypes were identified by cox1 and nad1 genes analysis, respectively. For G1 strains, the haplotype diversity index was higher for the cox1 gene (0.6 ± 0.07) in comparison with the nad1 gene (0.4 ± 0.09). Conclusion The findings of the present study showed that the sheep strain (G1) and the less important camel strain (G6) play the main roles in the transmission cycle of CE in the East and Southeast regions of Iran. Therefore, these results could be useful for managing the hydatid disease control programs in the studied and other similar areas. Keywords Echinococcus granulosus · Genotyping · cox1 and nad1 genes · Human hydatid disease · Iran
Background and Objectives * Rahmat Solgi [email protected] 1
Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
2
Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3
Malaria and Vector Research Group (MVRG), Biotechnology Research Center (BRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
4
General surgery, Hepatopancreatobiliary (HPB) surgery fellowship, Liver Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5
Infectious Disease Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
Cystic Echinococcosis (CE) is caused by the metacestodes of Echinococcus granulosus complex. This is an important globally zoonotic parasitic disease and considered as one of the medically and veterinary important co
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