Host parasitic interaction studies in genera of Loranthaceae using radioactive 32 P
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Host parasitic interaction studies in genera of Loranthaceae using radioactive 32P G. Garggi1
•
T. Girija1 • P. Sureshkumar2
Received: 26 June 2019 / Accepted: 9 June 2020 Ó Indian Society for Plant Physiology 2020
Abstract Hemiparasitic weed species infects fruit crops and other economically important trees reducing their productivity and timber quality. They absorb water and minerals from the host through haustorium. Further insight into the host parasitic infection is essential for formulating effective technologies for its management. The work investigates partitioning of phosphorous and host parasitic interaction pattern using radioactive 32P. The results proves translocation of phosphorous from the host to parasite and from parasite to host. The host acts as source for water and nutrients for the parasite. The parasite also translocates applied 32P to the immediate sink of the host based on its demand. The study postulates bidirectional movement of phosphorous as mineral nutrient and as signaling molecule. Host and parasite acts as a single unit in the partitioning and allocation of phosphorous. Keywords Hemiparasites Labelled 32P Mineral nutrition partitioning Host parasitic interaction P signaling
Introduction Mistletoes are tree parasites, infecting commercially important trees damaging the wood quality of conifers and hardwood timbers (Mathiasen et al. 2008). According to & G. Garggi [email protected] 1
Department of Plant Physiology, College of Horticulture, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, Kerala, India
2
Radio Tracer Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, Kerala, India
current predictions in global climate changes, hemiparasites are expected to expand their geographical ranges (Rigling et al. 2010). Tropical tree species are widely infested with hemiparasites of Loranthaceae family which show wide genetic diversity. Among these, Dendrophthoe falcata has the widest host range. Helicanthus elastica is a common species widely seen on commercially important fruit crops like mango, sapota, cashew and cocoa. They depend on trees for support and nutrients. Cocoa was reported to be the most frequent alternate host after citrus tress (Asare-Bediako et al. 2013) in Ghana. In Kerala cocoa is an important intercrop in plantations which is highly infested by the parasite. Even though the hemiparasites and host share an obscure relationship, their co-occurrence imposes competition for resources such as light, water and nutrients. Parasites derive water and nutrients from the vascular system of their host through specialized transfer organ called haustorium (Irving and Cameron, 2009). Solute transfer between the host and parasite is driven by water potential gradient between them and known to occur as passive mass flow (Press 1989; Press et al. 1988; Jiang et al. 2003). The abstraction of solutes through haustoria can be based on a combination of the mechanisms including luminal continuity, across cell wall, and across parenchyma cel
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