Identification and characterization of Diaporthe eres causing leaf blight disease on the medicinal herb Polygonatum sibi
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FUNGAL DISEASES
Identification and characterization of Diaporthe eres causing leaf blight disease on the medicinal herb Polygonatum sibiricum Hang Tao1,2 · Hao Wang1 · Shen‑Xin Huang1,2 · Ye Zhang1,2 · Zi‑Hui Zhang1,2 · Wang Liu1,2 · Ning‑Xue Shi1,2 · Feng Zhu1,2 · Zhao‑Lin Ji1,2 · Xiao‑Ren Chen1,2 Received: 4 January 2020 / Accepted: 14 April 2020 © The Phytopathological Society of Japan and Springer Japan KK, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The rhizome of Polygonatum sibiricum, known as huang-jing (黄精 in Chinese) in traditional Chinese medicine, is consumed to treat various diseases. During surveys in 2017, diseases reducing the productivity and longevity of the herb seedlings were observed on Mount Maoshan, China, including leaf blight caused by Diaporthe spp. This study aimed to identify the fungal species and evaluate the effectiveness of fungicides (prochloraz, tebuconazole, pyraclostrobin, and zhongshengmycin) against the pathogen in vitro. Based on morphological characteristics, pathogenicity tests, and phylogenetic analysis of the combined genes including the internal transcribed spacer (ITS)1-5.8S rRNA-ITS2 (rDNA-ITS), β-tubulin (TUB), translation elongation factor 1-α (EF1-α), and calmodulin (CAL) gene regions, the causal agent of the new disease was identified as Diaporthe eres. Among the tested fungicides, prochloraz, tebuconazole, and pyraclostrobin significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of D. eres on potato dextrose agar, whereas zhongshengmycin was less effective in inhibiting mycelial growth. The leaf blight caused by D. eres represents a potential threat to P. sibiricum nursery productivity and longevity in China, and its management should be further investigated in the field. Keywords Traditional Chinese medicine · Polygonatum sibiricum · Diaporthe eres · Leaf blight · Fungicide · Siberian Solomon’s seal
Introduction Polygonatum sibiricum (Asparagaceae) has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries and known as huang-jing (黄精 in Chinese) in the Chinese pharmacopoeia (Zhao et al. 2018) and as Siberian Solomon’s seal. The rhizome is the most commonly used part of the plant. It has been demonstrated to be highly effective in clinical practice for treating age-related diseases, diabetes, lung diseases, Hang Tao and Hao Wang the first two authors contributed equally to the work. * Xiao‑Ren Chen [email protected] 1
College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui Eastern Road, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‑Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui Eastern Road, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
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fatigue, feebleness, and indigestion (Cui et al. 2018; Zhao et al. 2018). Presently, it is not only used as a traditional medicinal herb, but also consumed as a functional, healthimproving food (Cui et al. 2018). Due to its economic importance, it is increasingly being cultivated, leading to its distribution throughout the
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