Identification and characterization of multiple abiotic stress tolerance genes in wheat
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Identification and characterization of multiple abiotic stress tolerance genes in wheat Rakesh Kumar1 · Mamrutha Harohalli Masthigowda1 · Amandeep Kaur1 · Nabin Bhusal1,2 · Ankita Pandey1,3 · Satish Kumar1 · Chandranath Mishra1 · Gyanendra Singh1 · Gyanendra Pratap Singh1 Received: 4 May 2020 / Accepted: 7 October 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Wheat is produced worldwide over six continents with the European Union, China, India, Russia, and the United States as major producer countries. The productivity was recorded 749 million tons by harvesting from 220-million-hectare land. It is the need of the hour to develop stress-tolerant wheat varieties to enhance the productivity by 60% to provide food security to 9.6 billion-world population by 2050. Although the genotypes have been identified for heat, drought and salt tolerance, their underlying mechanism for tolerance is poorly understood. The detailed understanding of the mechanism and identification of critical factors participating in multiple abiotic stress tolerance is essential. In the present study, the contrasting wheat genotypes were intensely characterized and assessed for the expression of different stress responsive genes under lab conditions. The expression analysis revealed that SHN1, DREB6, NHX2 and AVP1 were found to be highly induced under heat, salt and drought stresses in wheat. Thus, these genes can be used as signature genes to identify the multiple stress-tolerant varieties in the breeding program. The novel variants of these genes can be targeted through breeding or genetic engineering or genome editing strategies to develop multiple abiotic stress tolerant wheat varieties. Keywords Triticum aestivum · Heat · Drought · Salinity · Transcription factors · Reactive oxygen species · Abiotic stress · Membrane leakage · RWC · Chlorophyll content
Introduction Wheat is a major staple food crop grown worldwide over more than 220 million hectares and fulfils about 20% of daily diet protein requirements. Despite higher wheat cultivation area, its productivity is significantly lower than rice
and maize and required to increase productivity by 60% to feed projected 9.6 billion population globally by 2050 under changing climate [1]. Wheat productivity is more hampered by abiotic stresses than biotic stresses [2]. Heat, drought and salinity are the major abiotic stresses harming wheat productivity and quality [3, 4]. Thus, improving yield is a
* Mamrutha Harohalli Masthigowda [email protected]; [email protected]
Gyanendra Singh [email protected]
Rakesh Kumar [email protected]
Gyanendra Pratap Singh [email protected]
Amandeep Kaur [email protected]
1
Nabin Bhusal [email protected]
ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
2
Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal
3
Biosciences and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Jaipur, Raja
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