In-situ investigation of deformation behaviors of moso bamboo cells pertaining to flexural ductility
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
In-situ investigation of deformation behaviors of moso bamboo cells pertaining to flexural ductility Meiling Chen . Ling Ye . Ge Wang . Xinxin Ma . Qi Chen . Changhua Fang . Benhua Fei . Chunping Dai
Received: 1 March 2020 / Accepted: 21 August 2020 Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Excellent flexural strength and ductility characteristics make bamboo an ideal natural material for many structural applications. This paper focuses on revealing the flexural ductility of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis (Carr.) J. Houz.) at the cellular level. Scanning electron and three-dimensional X-ray microscopes were applied to examine the morphological changes and interaction of bamboo cells during the bending experiment. The flexural ductility of bamboo was investigated based on spatial arrangement and morphological structure of cells. During bending, bamboo cells were compressed in the longitudinal direction and elongated in the radial direction in the compressive layer. However, bamboo cells in the tensile layer were elongated in the
M. Chen C. Dai (&) Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T1Z4, Canada e-mail: [email protected] M. Chen G. Wang X. Ma Q. Chen C. Fang B. Fei (&) Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology of the State Forestry Administration, Department of Bio-materials, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China e-mail: [email protected] L. Ye Zhejiang Xinzhou Bamboo-based Composites Technology Co., LTD, Hangzhou 311253, China
longitudinal direction and shortened in the radial direction. Parenchyma cells had relatively larger deformation than other cells. The largest relative deformations of parenchyma cells reached - 4.49% (longitudinal direction) and 3.08% (radial direction) in the compressive layer and 2.33% (longitudinal direction) and - 0.47% (radial direction) in the tensile layer. Both parenchyma cells and vessels can function as a buffer against applied load and enhance the flexural ductility of bamboo. Fiber could restrict the deformation of its adjacent cells and provide strength for bamboo. Results revealed the mechanism of deforming of natural bamboo from the micro perspective and provided knowledge for bionic design on the basis of the morphological structure of bamboo. Keywords Bamboo Flexural Ductility Cell Deformation Strength
Introduction As a natural resource, bamboo is an economical, abundantly available and versatile green material (Chen 2018; Chen et al. 2019, 2020a, b). It is becoming an alternative raw material for producing various types of composites due to its fast growth rate and better mechanical properties than common wood species (Hiziroglu et al. 2008; Anwar et al. 2009; Chen et al. 2017). Bamboo has extraordinary flexural
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strength and ductility (Chen 2018), which make it possible to be used in specific situations where materials not only need to undergo comparatively
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