Loop-Shaped Patch Antenna for Conformal Arrays to Minimize the Effects of Adjacent Conducting Skin
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Loop‑Shaped Patch Antenna for Conformal Arrays to Minimize the Effects of Adjacent Conducting Skin Sungjun Yoo1 · Heeyoung Kim2 · Choulhee Hong2 · Hosung Choo3 Received: 22 February 2020 / Revised: 13 May 2020 / Accepted: 15 October 2020 © The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2020
Abstract This article proposes a novel method of designing a loop-shaped slot patch antenna using an extended cavity structure to reduce the influence of adjacent conducting vehicle skin. The proposed antenna consists of the radiating patch, loop shaped slot, and an extended cavity structure. The radiating patch is directly connected to a hybrid chip coupler to achieve a circular polarization property, and the extended cavity structure is employed to confine the near-field within the radiating patch that allows to have less influence of the conducting skin and to increase the effective permittivity of the proposed antenna. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed conformal array antenna, we fabricate 2 × 2 array antenna with and without an adjacent conducting skin, and its performances, such as bore-sight gains and 2-D radiation patterns are measured in a full anechoic chamber. The results confirm that the proposed antenna structure is suitable for elements of the conformal array, which is less affected by the conducting skin of the airframe. Keywords Conformal array antenna · Microstrip patch antenna · Array antenna
1 Introduction Conformal array antennas have been widely used in aeronautical applications, such as military aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and missiles, to reduce aerodynamic drag and radar cross section (RCS) by incorporating antennas into the curved vehicle skin. Microstrip patch antennas are considered to be most suitable candidate for the conformal array antennas due to their low profile, light weight, and * Hosung Choo [email protected] Sungjun Yoo [email protected] Heeyoung Kim [email protected] Choulhee Hong [email protected] 1
Advanced Defense Technology Research Institute Quantum Physics Technology Directorate, Agency for Defense Development, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2
R&D Center, Ace Technology, 237 Namdongseo‑ro, Namdong‑gu, Incheon 405‑849(21634), Republic of Korea
3
School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
manufacturability [1]. Conformal array antennas have been typically integrated into a conducting airframe to obtain good aerodynamic characteristics and RCS reduction, however; the conducting vehicle surface on which the elements of the conformal array are mounted often affects the array antenna characteristics, such as radiation pattern, impedance matching, and mutual coupling. Therefore, from the perspective of the overall communication link, it is important to prevent such performance degradations of the conformal antenna due to the effect of the proximity conducting vehicle surface [2]. To prevent such performance degradations, various studies have been carried out on applying a stru
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