Mayaro Virus Infection: Clinical Features and Global Threat
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Viral Infections (N Malavige, Section Editor)
Mayaro Virus Infection: Clinical Features and Global Threat Franciele Martins Santos, MSc1 Roberto Sousa Dias, PhD1 Luciana de Souza Fernandes, MSc1 Cynthia Canedo da Silva, PhD2 Sérgio Oliveira de Paula, PhD1,* Address *,1 Molecular Immunovirology Laboratory, Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Avenue Peter Henry Rolfs, Viçosa, MG, 36570-000, Brazil Email: [email protected] 2 Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Viçosa, Avenue P. H. Rolfs, Viçosa, MG, 36570-000, Brazil
* Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
This article is part of the Topical Collection on Viral Infections Keywords Mayaro virus I Clinical features I Epidemic I Pandemic I Arbovirus I Epidemiology
Abstract Purpose of review This review aimed to compile the main studies on the Mayaro virus (MAYV), addressing the clinical manifestations of Mayaro fever, in addition to assessing the possibility of epidemic events and a possible pandemic on a global scale. Recent findings Recent studies using animal models and the evaluation of infection in humans demonstrate that MAYV induces a strong inflammatory response that plays an important role in the development and progression of tissue damage and in the induction of myalgia and arthralgia common to the infection. Due to the similarity of symptoms with other co-circulating arboviruses, differential diagnosis is difficult, which contributes to underestimates of the actual number of cases, effecting epidemiological studies. The development of new methods for molecular diagnosis, faster and more sensitive, is extremely important for overcoming this complication. As there is still no specific treatment or vaccine for MAYV, measures for the prevention and containment of the vector are the best alternatives for disease control. Summary The increase in the number of possible vectors and their geographic distribution require worldwide health services to dedicate more attention to MAYV, especially in countries in tropical and subtropical regions. Its potential expansion in urbanized areas signals an alert for greater efforts to be made in the treatment and control of the virus.
Viral Infections (N Malavige, Section Editor)
Introduction Mayaro virus and epidemiology The Mayaro virus (MAYV) is an enveloped RNA virus, belonging to the Togaviridae family and to the alphavirus genus. MAYV, together with the Chikungunya (CHIKV), Ross River (RRV), Sindbis (SINV), Barmah Forest (BFV), and O’nyong-nyong viruses, is part of the group of arthritogenic alphaviruses, which are responsible for causing debilitating chronic disease, such as persistent arthralgia and myalgia [1]. MAYV is endemic of South American countries, having been isolated for the first time in Trinidad and Tobago, 1954. Since the first report, it has been responsible for sporadic outbreaks of Mayaro fever (MF), particularly in regions around the Amazon basin. The MAYV virus is maintained in the wild in a continuous wild cycle of transmission, whic
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