MRS Communications Abstracts
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2017 • Volume 7, Issue 4
PROSPECTIVES Review and outlook: mechanical, thermodynamic, and kinetic continuum modeling of metallic materials at the grain scale Martin Diehl, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Germany, and National Institute for Materials Science, Japan Continuum modeling approaches are well established in materials science and engineering of metals. They enable the quantitative investigation of diverse questions related to the improved understanding of mechanics and microstructure evolution of various material classes. Applicable to time and length scales relevant in manufacturing and service, continuum modeling approaches are widely used to study engineering-related phenomena such as recrystallization, strain localization, fracture initiation, and phase transformations. However, focusing on individual physical aspects hampers the wider routine use of continuum modeling tools for many engineering applications. With the advent of multi-physics modeling tools developed with the help of and parametrized by (sub-)micrometer-scale simulations and experiments, a huge variety of applications such as hot rolling, bake-hardening, and case-hardening comes within reach for fullfield integrated computational materials engineering. Moreover, the integration of experimentally characterized microstructures and the use of user friendly simulation and evaluation tools render powerful modeling approaches feasible for a broad materials science user community. The state of the art and future trends of mechanical, thermodynamic, and kinetic continuum modeling of metallic materials at the grain scale are outlined in this prospective article. DOI:10.1557/mrc.2017.98
Enhanced shape memory and superelasticity in small-volume ceramics: a perspective on the controlling factors Xiaomei Zeng and Zehui Du, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Christopher A. Schuh, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA; and Chee Lip Gan, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore Shape memory ceramics show potential for energy damping and actuation applications. In particular, small-scale structures of zirconiabased ceramics demonstrate significantly enhanced shape memory and superelastic properties compared with their bulk counterparts, mainly because an oligocrystalline or single-crystal microscale structure reduces mismatch stresses amongst grains. In this prospective article, we review recent experiments that explore the shape memory
properties of small-scale zirconia-based ceramics, including the effects of composition, sample and grain size, and cyclic loading. These factors are reviewed with an eye toward rendering shape memory ceramics more useful in future applications. DOI:10.1557/mrc.2017.99
High-frequency organic rectifiers through interface engineering Chan-mo Kang, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, South Korea; and Hyeonwoo Shin and Changhee Lee, Seoul National University, South Korea The demand for high-frequency (HF) and low-cost rectifiers has encouraged many res
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