Optimization of process and properties of biochar from cabbage waste by response surface methodology
- PDF / 2,413,995 Bytes
- 13 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 8 Downloads / 292 Views
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Optimization of process and properties of biochar from cabbage waste by response surface methodology Snigdhendubala Pradhan 1 & Muhammad Shahbaz 1 & Ali Abdelaal 1 & Tareq Al-Ansari 1,2 & Hamish R. Mackey 1 Gordon McKay 1
&
Received: 12 June 2020 / Revised: 14 October 2020 / Accepted: 16 October 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The properties of biochar produced by pyrolysis are strongly influenced by various factors such as feedstock. Cabbage makes up around 6.5% of global vegetable production with around 30% wasted from the farm to plate, making it a considerable and widely available biochar feedstock. This study investigates the optimization of three design factors, namely, pyrolysis temperature, feed particle size, and quantity of waste cabbage biomass to produce biochar. Feed particle size was selected due to its relevance to solar or other drying pretreatment, necessary for moisture reduction. To evaluate the influence of these parameters and find their optimum conditions, response surface methodology (RSM) with a central composite design of experiments was used. Optimum response for cabbage biochar was observed at lower temperature (360 °C) with particle size of 0.90 mm and a relatively low quantity, though this latter parameter had minimal influence on most response parameters. Temperature was the most influential parameter on all response variables, although particle size was important for nitrogen content, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and electrical conductivity. Biochar produced at an optimum pyrolysis temperature of 360 °C and nearest practical size of 1 mm was tested with Ipomoea purpurea in sandy soil. Two percent biochar loading provided an increase in water retention from 6.5% in the control to 10% in the biochar amended soil (p = 0.016). Increases were also observed in plant height and leaf production but were not statistically significant at α = 0.05. Keywords Biochar . Soil fertility . Optimization . Response surface methodology . Food waste valorization . Pyrolysis
1 Introduction Biochar is a carbon rich soil amendment material that has been gaining increased attention and use due to its potential applications to mitigate soil degradation, food insecurity, water pollution from agrichemical sources, and global climate change [1]. Biochar is not only a soil amendment agent but also can act as an adsorbent to remove organic and inorganic Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-020-01101-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Hamish R. Mackey [email protected] 1
Division of Sustainable Development, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
2
Division of Management and Decision Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
pollutants [2]. Various types of biomass such as wood materials, agricultural residues, dairy manure, sewage, and sludge have been us
Data Loading...
