Petro-Geochemical Analysis and Their Correlation for Genesis of Fluoride Contamination in Groundwater of District Sonbha
In many parts of India, high concentration of fluoride in drinking water has been causing severe health problems in human, such as dental and skeletal fluorosis. The present study has been aimed to assess the role of hydrogeological characteristics on flu
- PDF / 908,923 Bytes
- 19 Pages / 439.37 x 666.142 pts Page_size
- 84 Downloads / 165 Views
Abstract In many parts of India, high concentration of fluoride in drinking water has been causing severe health problems in human, such as dental and skeletal fluorosis. The present study has been aimed to assess the role of hydrogeological characteristics on fluoride contamination of groundwater. This includes the monitoring of parameters such as lithological compositions, groundwater level behavior, and different chemical parameters to understand their impact on fluoride concentration in the study area of Sonbhadra district, U.P. Chemical parameters such as pH, F−, EC, TDS, chloride, total hardness, alkalinity, phosphate, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, and K+ have been determined. A petrological study of rocks reveals that mainly granite, granite gneiss, and pegmatite types of rocks are found in area. In general, high fluoride content has been observed in shallow aquifer due to erosion of rock. Therefore, the most dominant reason for leaching of fluoride in groundwater is due to the weathering of various fluoride-bearing minerals in the area. Keywords Fluoride Uttar Pradesh
Groundwater Health hazard Sonbhadra
1 Introduction Vast stretches of peninsular India are occupied by granitic and gneissic rocks of Precambrian age (older than 540 million years) in which F-bearing minerals commonly occur as accessory phases. Prolonged chemical weathering of these H.K. Pandey (&) Department of Civil Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad 211004, India e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] S.K. Srivastava Central Ground Water Board, Northern Region, Lucknow 226021, India P. Pandey Department of Geology, Benaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2018 D. Saha et al. (eds.), Clean and Sustainable Groundwater in India, Springer Hydrogeology, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4552-3_5
61
62
H.K. Pandey et al.
rocks resulted in elevated contents of F− in groundwater in several parts of India (Patel et al. 2014). WHO has prescribed a range of fluoride from 0.6 to 1.5 mg/L in drinking water as suitable for human consumption. In study conducted by WHO, it has been estimated that more than 200 million people living all over the world are consuming water with fluoride content more than 1 mg/L (WHO 1984). In many parts of India, high concentration of fluoride in drinking water has been causing severe health problems in human, such as dental and skeletal fluorosis. It is the 13th most abundant element in the earth’s crust, with abundance as 0.06–0.09% (Tebutt 1983) with an average crustal abundance as 300 mg/kg (Fawell et. al 2006). Fluoride is the most electronegative element in the earth crust and also forms both organic and inorganic compounds. When dissolved in water, fluoride does not show any change in color, taste, or odor; hence, it is impossible to detect it through physical examination. It can only be estimated by the chemical analysis of the water samples.
2 Study Area The study area lies in Sonbhadra district of Uttar Pradesh, (83° 30′N to
Data Loading...
