Production of MCM-41 and SBA-15 Hybrid Silicas from Industrial Waste
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Production of MCM-41 and SBA-15 Hybrid Silicas from Industrial Waste Gustavo Medeiros de Paula 1
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Luana do Nascimento Rocha de Paula 1
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Meiry Gláucia Freire Rodrigues 1
Received: 13 August 2020 / Accepted: 9 November 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract MCM-41 and SBA-15 have many applications in chemical processes. However, the high cost of producing these materials limits their applications to a large-scale. To reduce production costs and promote recycling of industrial waste, this study presents methodologies for the synthesis of MCM-41 and SBA-15 using glass powder, rice husk ash and sugarcane bagasse ash. The methodologies consist of dissolving the raw materials in a sodium hydroxide solution under mild reaction conditions and subsequently using it as reactive silica source, to synthesize the MCM-41 and SBA-15 hybrid silicas. The materials were synthesized in two steps. The first step of SBA-15 occurred at 35 °C for 24 h and the hydrothermal synthesis occurred at 100 °C for 48 h. For MCM-41, these steps occurred at 28 °C for 2 h and 150 °C for 96 h, respectively. The samples were characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Energy-dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (ED-XRF), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that the basic treatment of the raw materials was effective in increasing the reactivity of the alternative silica sources and eliminating the negative effects of impurities. Moreover, the results showed that the syntheses produced highly-ordered materials, free of contaminants. Keywords MCM-41 . SBA-15 . Waste recycling . Glass powder . Rice husk ash . Sugarcane bagasse ash
1 Introduction According to International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) molecular sieves are classified by pore size (Ps) as microporous solids (Ps < 2 nm), mesoporous solids (2 nm < Ps < 50 nm) and macroporous solids (Ps > 50 nm) [1]. The first syntheses of mesoporous molecular sieves were performed in 1992 by scientists at Mobil Oil Corporation. These mesoporous silicates became known as the M41S family and consists of three sieves: MCM-41, MCM-48, and MCM-50. More specifically, MCM-41 is a mesoporous and amorphous silicate, with a hexagonal arrangement of uniform and unidirectional mesopores, having a pore diameter that ranges from 2 to 12 nm, high thermal stability, and a surface area of up to 1200 m2.g−1 [2–4]. Later, a new family of mesoporous silicates was developed,
* Meiry Gláucia Freire Rodrigues [email protected] 1
Federal University of Campina Grande, Academic Unit of Chemical Engineering, Av. Aprígio Veloso, 882 - Bodocongó, Campina Grande, PB 58429-970, Brazil
one member of which is the SBA-15 molecular sieve, similar to MCM-41, but with some significant differences [5, 6]. SBA-15 is a mesoporous and amorphous silicate with a hexagonal arrangement of uniform and unidirectional mesopores connected by micropores, having high thermal stability, mesopore diameter ranging from 5 to 20 nm, and surface are
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