Ratiometric persistent luminescence aptasensors for carcinoembryonic antigen detection
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Ratiometric persistent luminescence aptasensors for carcinoembryonic antigen detection Lixia Shi 1 & Wangwang Zheng 1 & Hongyan Miao 1 & Han Liu 1 & Xiaohui Jing 1 & Yuan Zhao 1 Received: 24 June 2020 / Accepted: 7 October 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract NIR-emitted ZnGa2O4:Cr3+ persistent luminescence nanoparticles (ZGC NPs) coated with polydopamine (ZGC@PDA NPs) were designed featuring internal reference and quenching ability. Sr-doped Zn2GeO4 persistent luminescence nanorods (ZGO:Sr NRs) served as detection probes, which exhibited blue emission. The decay times and intensity of luminescence of ZGO:Sr NRs were optimized to acquire desired luminescence properties. An aptamer-guided ratiometric persistent luminescence sensor with the LOD (0.46 pg mL−1) was established to detect carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). This developed ratiometric aptasensor based on persistent luminescence nanomaterials (PLMs) does not only use the afterglow properties of nanomaterials to avoid the interference of autofluorescence but also precludes the interference of certain factors in the detection environment on the luminescence intensity due to the introduction of a reference signal, and is suitable for early screening of tumor markers in serum samples. Moreover, the optimization of luminescence properties, especially for luminescence decay times, provides a way for the fabrication of multiple persistent luminescence materials in the application of time-resolved fluorescence technology. Keywords Aptasensor . Luminescence . Nanoparticles . Ratiometric detection . Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)
Introduction Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was applied for early diagnosis of colon and rectal cancer as the tumor marker [1]. Based on numerous clinical trials, it is found that not only gastrointestinal tumors but also other cancers such as breast cancer and lung cancer can lead to the increase of CEA in serum [2, 3]. Accurate detection of CEA levels shows significant research value for diagnosing malignant tumors, monitoring cancer
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-020-04593-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Yuan Zhao [email protected] 1
Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Photoresponsive Molecules and Materials, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
conditions, evaluating therapeutic efficacy, and many other aspects. Currently, radioimmunoassay (RIA) [4], enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) [5], electrochemical immunoassay [6], chemiluminescence immunoassay [7], and colorimetric immunoassay [8] were the main analytical methods used to detect CEA. Unfortunately, most of these methods show disadvantages that cannot be ignored, such as radiation hazards, time-consuming, high cost, lower sensitivity, poor precision, and disappointi
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