Recent advances of the regulation roles of MicroRNA in glioblastoma
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REVIEW ARTICLE
Recent advances of the regulation roles of MicroRNA in glioblastoma Chengrui Yan1 · Xiangyi Kong2,3,4 · Shun Gong5 · Fengrui Liu6 · Yuanli Zhao1 Received: 26 April 2019 / Accepted: 16 April 2020 © Japan Society of Clinical Oncology 2020
Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most malignant neural tumors, and patients with GBM often die soon after the onset. The pathogenesis of GBM is very complicated, and there is no effective treatment for GBM. The current research results show that a variety of microRNA (miRNA) are involved in the regulation of GBM occurrence and development through specific signal pathways. Meanwhile, as a non-invasive biological indicator, there is an important clinical value of miRNA in the diagnosis and prognosis of GBM. The research of targeted miRNA treatment for GBM is still in the cell and animal model stage, although the basic research shows a good result, there is still a certain distance to the clinical application. Keywords Glioblastoma · MicroRNA · Area under curve · Prognostic model · Temozolomide
Introduction Glioblastoma (GBM) is not only one of the most common neurological malignancies but also the most malignant glioma (WHO Class, IV) [1]. GBM shows such characteristics as rapid growth, early metastasis, and short disease course, and over 70% of GBM patients die at about 6 months after the onset of symptoms, with the 5-year survival less than 10% [2]. GBM originates primarily from astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, and the related mechanisms underlying its Chengrui Yan, Xiangyi Kong, and Shun Gong contributed equally to this work.
pathogenesis is very complicated. Currently, there are no particularly useful treatment options in clinical practice, and recurrence may occur even if surgery has been performed due to the invasion and metastasis of the tumor in the early stage. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that contain 22 nucleotide sequences and do not possess the function of translating proteins. They mainly regulate the expression of genes by directly binding to the target functional genes, thereby exerting the corresponding biological functions [3, 4]. In recent years, studies on the expression of miRNA in GBM and its related functional mechanisms show that multiple miRNAs have been involved in the regulation
* Yuanli Zhao [email protected] Chengrui Yan [email protected] Xiangyi Kong [email protected] Shun Gong [email protected] Fengrui Liu [email protected] 1
Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University International Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer
2
Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China 3
Cambridge Breast Unit, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0Q
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