Removal and Recovery of Phosphorus from Contaminated Water Using Novel, Reusable, Renewable Resource-Based Aluminum/Ceri
- PDF / 6,302,158 Bytes
- 19 Pages / 547.087 x 737.008 pts Page_size
- 99 Downloads / 279 Views
Removal and Recovery of Phosphorus from Contaminated Water Using Novel, Reusable, Renewable Resource-Based Aluminum/Cerium Oxide Nanocomposite Amita Nakarmi & Rebecca Moreira & Shawn E. Bourdo & Fumiya Watanabe & Alan Toland & Tito Viswanathan
Received: 18 December 2019 / Accepted: 8 November 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract The combination of cerium oxide and aluminum oxide nanocomposites in quaternary ammonium– modified wood has been shown to be excellent for phosphorus (as phosphate) removal from contaminated waters. The results are better than using single metal oxides in the nanocomposite based on the adsorption capacity and kinetic rate. The mixed metal oxide nanocomposite on pine wood chips (a renewable resource) represent a green technology for phosphorus remediation. The process of preparation of nanocomposite of this material is straightforward, economically feasible, and environmentally friendly. There are no harmful chemicals or petroleum reagents used during the synthesis. In this study, adsorption isotherms (Langmuir and Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich) and kinetic studies (Lagergren pseudo-first and pseudo-second order, Elovich and Weber-Morris) were performed to determine the adsorption capacity and mechanism of the phosphorus removal by the nanocomposite. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy A. Nakarmi (*) : R. Moreira : T. Viswanathan Department of Chemistry, University of Arkansas, Little Rock, AR, USA e-mail: [email protected] S. E. Bourdo : F. Watanabe Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA A. Toland : T. Viswanathan (*) Synanomet, LLC, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA e-mail: [email protected]
(XPS), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, and Fourier-transfer infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were analyzed to determine the size and structure of the nanocomposite as well as elements present on the surface of the wood chips. The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 70.42 mg/g. The results from this study demonstrate that phosphorus levels in polluted water can be reduced from 10,000 parts per billion to 10 parts per billion. We also demonstrated that the phosphorus could be desorbed and the media regenerated for repeated use without loss of efficiency. Keywords Cerium aluminum oxide . P removal . Kinetics . Isotherms . Regeneration
1 Introduction Phosphorus is a mineral that is vital to human lifestyle and has essential practical uses in fertilizers and food additives. However, runoff water from industrial factories and agricultural lands can contain phosphates, resulting in polluted water bodies such as lakes, rivers, and oceans. Phosphorus pollution in water induces the growth of plants and algae, which consume the water’s oxygen as they decay. The resulting lack of oxygen leads to hypoxia, which causes the death of aquatic animals and disruption of the natural ecosystem. This process is termed eutrophication and is almost exclusively induced by excessive phosphorus (C
Data Loading...
