Secretome studies of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) isolated from three tissue sources reveal subtle differences in po
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Secretome studies of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) isolated from three tissue sources reveal subtle differences in potency Vijay Bhaskar Reddy Konala 1,2 & Ramesh Bhonde 3 & Rajarshi Pal 1 Received: 15 May 2020 / Accepted: 25 August 2020 / Editor: Tetsuji Okamoto # The Society for In Vitro Biology 2020
Abstract Human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are currently the leading candidate for cell-based therapeutics. While the use of MSCs in transplantation therapies is widely expanding, still, there is a lot of scope for better understanding of the mechanisms underlying their effects. We have generated MSCs from pre- and post-natal human tissue sources such as Wharton’s jelly (WJ), stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), and bone marrow (BM). We then expanded, banked, and characterized them based on morphology, growth kinetics, senescence, immunophenotype, gene expression, and secretion of growth factors. Although the immunophenotype was very similar across MSCs from the three types of donor tissues, they showed minor variations in their growth kinetics. Further, a higher percentage of senescent cells were observed in BM-MSCs than in WJ-MSCs and SHED. Gene expression analysis showed the increased expression of INF-γ, PDGFA, VEGF, IL10, and SDF in SHED over WJ-MSC and BM-MSC. Comparative secretome profiling by ELISA demonstrated the presence of FGF-2, IL-10, PDGF, SDF-1, Ang-1, TGF-β3, HGF, INF-γ, VEGF, and IL-6 in cell culture supernatants. Based on our findings, WJ-MSC and SHED appear more potent than BM-MSC for managing inflammation, immunomodulation, angiogenesis, fibrosis, and scarring. Due to widespread application of MSCs in cell replacement therapy, these subtle differences need to be taken into consideration while designing stem cell–based clinical trials. Keywords Mesenchymal stromal cells . characterization . secretome . potency and cell therapy
Introduction Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) have gained importance as a viable and effective source for cell therapy. MSCs were initially found to co-exist in the bone marrow (BM) along with hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), but they have now been derived from embryonic, pre-natal, and adult tissues
* Rajarshi Pal [email protected] 1
Department of Marine-Biotechnology, AMET University, Kanathur, Chennai 600040, India
2
Genes & Life Health Care Pvt. Ltd., Punjagutta, Hyderabad 500082, India
3
Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune 411018, India
(Lindner et al. 2010). Owing to the multitude of advantages including quick isolation and ex vivo expansion, self-renewal capacity, extended population doubling, colony formation, phenotypic expression pattern (Pittenger et al. 1999), and multilineage differentiation potential along with paracrine properties make MSCs an ideal prospective candidate for tissue regeneration and repair. However, MSCs isolated from different tissues (adult/pre-natal/embryonic) exhibit subtle differences in their plasticity (differentiation, de-differentiation, or trans-differentiation), exosome (soluble fa
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