Simulation and Application of Submerged CO 2 -O 2 Injection in Electric Arc Furnace Steelmaking: Modeling and Arrangemen
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AT present, the two major steelmaking techniques are those using the converter and the electric arc furnace (EAF).[1,2] Recently in China, an increasing number of EAFs have come into operation with the increase of steel scrap. However, the molten bath of EAF with eccentric bottom tapping (EBT) is flat and the molten bath stirring intensity is poor due to the limited oxygen supply intensity.[3,4] It is important for EAF steelmaking to strengthen the circulation in the liquid bath in order to enhance the smelting reaction rate.[5,6] Hence, a new technology has been developed by injecting CO2 and O2 mixed gas into the EAF molten bath directly through a submerged nozzle, which was installed in the furnace bed.[7,8].
GUANGSHENG WEI, RONG ZHU, BAOCHEN HAN, SHUFENG YANG, KAI DONG, and XUETAO WU are with the School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China and also with the Beijing Key Laboratory of Research Center of Special Melting and Preparation of High-end Metal Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China. Contact e-mails: [email protected]; [email protected] Manuscript submitted August 09, 2019.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B
A series of studies have been conducted to investigate liquid flow pattern in the EAF. Liu[9] analyzed the effect of bottom-blowing arrangement modes on fluid flow in the EAF using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. Ramirez[10] analyzed the combined effect of electromagnetic forces and bottom-blowing on the fluid flow of a direct current (DC) EAF molten bath by a numerical model. Alam[11] studied the mechanism of lance angle on the critical penetration depth in EAF steelmaking by water model experiments. Ma[12] measured the penetration depth of a submerged side-blown jet based on a water model and a Matlab digital image processing algorithm. Zhan[13] analyzed the flow field distribution in a liquid bath side-blown in an EAF through a numerical model. Caffery[14] developed a numerical model to investigate the influence of bubbles emerging from bottom tuyeres on the heat transfer in an EAF molten bath. Li[15] studied the effect of radial distance of bottom-blowing nozzles on the mixing time of an EAF liquid bath experimentally and numerically. In our previous study,[8] the impact characteristics of single submerged gas injection was analyzed systematically. However, as a new technology, there are very few studies about the EAF liquid bath flow characteristics with two submerged nozzles. Hence, the EAF liquid bath flowing characteristics with submerged gas injection is required to be studied to optimize the process parameters of EAF steelmaking before this new method is put into industrial application.
In this study, the EAF liquid bath flowing characteristics under submerged gas injection were investigated by the methods of water modeling and numerical modeling. The validity of the numerical model of EAF with submerged gas injection was first examined using the measured data.
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