The Feasibility of Using Inland Desalination Concentrate (DC) as an Alternative Substrate for Spirulina platensis Mass C
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ORIGINAL PAPER
The Feasibility of Using Inland Desalination Concentrate (DC) as an Alternative Substrate for Spirulina platensis Mass Cultivation Ângelo Paggi Matos1 · Tiago da Silva1 · Ernani Sebastião Sant’Anna1 Received: 26 June 2020 / Accepted: 3 September 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The chemical composition of inland desalination concentrate (DC) contains several microelements necessary for metabolism in microalgae. This study investigated the biomass concentration and biochemical composition of Spirulina platensis cultivated in DC under indoor (laboratory) and outdoor (raceway ponds) units. Initially, S. platensis was cultivated indoor testing different concentrations 0-, 20-, 40-, 60-, 80-, 100-% of DC, and results showed that mixing 60% DC with 40% Paoletti Synthetic Medium (PSM) is a suitable medium for S. platensis. After that, the optimum 60% DC to cultivate S. platensis under outdoor raceway pond was utilized. In parallel, a control assay using 100% PSM constituents was performed. S. platensis cultured in optimum DC, under outdoor conditions, exhibited biomass productivity (~ 10 g m−2 day−1) and protein content (45.0%) comparable to literature data. In addition, S. platensis cultivated in optimum DC was also able to synthesize carbohydrates, amino acids, fatty acids, and phycocyanin, which could be potentially used as biofertilizer and supplement in animal and aquaculture feed. Our results demonstrated the valorization of brine management through S. platensis cultivation, which can be considered as a step forward of reducing freshwater and conventional nutrients for algal mass cultivation. Graphic Abstract 14
5.0
Phycocyanin (% )
Biomass
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10 3.0
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Biomass (g L-1)
Phycocyanin
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Desalination concentrate
(DC containing Na, Cl, K, Mg, N, P, Fe, CaCO3)
Biomass valorization
(Feed utility, aquaculture, biofertilizer)
Spirulina platensis cultivation in DC
(0-, 20-, 40-, 60-, 80-, 100-% DC)
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Desalination concentrate (% )
S. platensis cultured in DC (Biomass and phycocyanin)
Biomass composition (Protein, carbohydrates, fiber, lipids, fatty acids, amino acids, phycocyanin)
S. platensis mass cultivation in raceway pond (Optimum 60% DC)
Extended author information available on the last page of the article
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Vol.:(0123456789)
Waste and Biomass Valorization
Keywords Inland desalination wastewater · Algal cultivation · Biomass · Phycocyanin · Protein · Feed application
Statement of Novelty Inland desalination concentrate (DC) is a salt residue that comes from brackish groundwater desalination process. Due to its high mineral composition (Cl, Na, K, Mg, Fe, N, P, CaCO3), it can be potentially utilized for microalgae cultivation. Thus, this study has the overarching aim to valorise the DC through algal mass cultivation. The results are promising considering the fact that algal biomass cultured in DC is rich in protein, amino acids, carbohydrates, fatty acids, and pigments, which could be used as biofertilizer and animal f
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