The Handbook of Neuropsychiatric Biomarkers, Endophenotypes and Genes
Neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, mood disorders, Alzheimer’s disease, epilepsy, alcoholism, substance abuse and others are some of the most debilitating illnesses worldwide characterizing by the complexity of the causes, and lacking the l
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THE HANDBOOK OF NEUROPSYCHIATRIC BIOMARKERS, ENDOPHENOTYPES AND GENES
Volume 1: Neuropsychological Endophenotypes and Biomarkers Volume 2: Neuroanatomical and Neuroimaging Endophenotypes and Biomarkers Volume 3: Metabolic and Peripheral Biomarkers Volume 4: Molecular Genetic and Genomic Markers
Michael S. Ritsner Editor
The Handbook of Neuropsychiatric Biomarkers, Endophenotypes and Genes Volume 1
Neuropsychological Endophenotypes and Biomarkers
Editor Michael S. Ritsner, M.D., Ph.D. Associate Professor of Psychiatry, the Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa and Sha’ar Menashe Mental Health Center, Hadera, Israel
ISBN 978-1-4020-9463-7
e-ISBN 978-1-4020-9464-4
Library of Congress Control Number: 2008942052 © Springer Science + Business Media B.V. 2009 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed on acid-free paper springer.com
Foreword
Common genetically influenced neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia spectrum disorders, major depression, bipolar and anxiety disorders, epilepsy, neurodegenerative and demyelinating disorders, Parkinson and Alzheimer’s diseases, alcoholism, substance abuse, and drug dependence are the most debilitating illnesses worldwide. They are characterized by their complexity of causes and by their lack of pathognomonic laboratory diagnostic tests. During the past decade many researchers around the world have explored the neuropsychiatric biomarkers and endophenotypes implicated, not only in order to understand the genetic basis of these disorders but also from diagnostic, prognostic, and pharmacological perspectives. These fields have therefore, witnessed enormous expansion in new findings obtained by neuropsychological, neurophysiological, neuroimaging, neuroanatomical, neurochemical, molecular genetic, genomic and proteomic analyses, which have generated a necessity for syntheses across the main neuropsychiatric disorders. The challenge now is to translate these findings into meaningful etiologic, diagnostic and therapeutic advances. This four volume collection of Handbooks offers a broad synthesis of current knowledge about biomarker and endophenotype approaches in neuropsychiatry. Since many of the contributors are internationally known experts, they not only provide up-to-date state of the art overviews, but also clarify some of the ongoing controversies, future challenges and proposing new insights for future researches. The contents of the volumes have been carefully planned, organized, and edited in close collaboration with the chapter authors. Of course, despite all the assistance provided by contributors and others, I alone remain responsible for the
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