Three new cryptic Caribbean species in the Leucocoprinus heinemannii complex (Agaricaceae, Agaricales)
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Three new cryptic Caribbean species in the Leucocoprinus heinemannii complex (Agaricaceae, Agaricales) Alfredo Justo 1
&
Claudio Angelini 2,3 & Alberto Bizzi 4 & Alessia Tatti 5,6 & Alfredo Vizzini 7
Received: 26 June 2020 / Revised: 5 October 2020 / Accepted: 7 October 2020 # German Mycological Society and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Three new species of Leucocoprinus (Lc. tephrolepis, Lc. parvipileus, Lc. domingensis) are described, based on material from the Dominican Republic and the US Virgin Islands. These species belong in the Lc. heinemannii species complex, based on their morphological and molecular characteristics. The type collection of Lc. heinemannii was sequenced, and we confirm the tropical distribution of this species originally described from Italy. We discuss the problematic taxonomy of dark-centered species of Leucocoprinus, including the application of the names Lepiota montagnei, Lepiota atrodisca, and Lepiota phaeosticta. Keywords Agaricomycetes . Basidiomycota . Lepiotaceous fungi . Neotropics . nrITS . Phylogeny
Introduction Several species of the genus Leucocoprinus Pat. are commonly found in fruit indoors across the temperate regions of Eurasia and North America, in plant pots, greenhouses, and similar habitats. Some examples include the following: Leucocoprinus birnbaumii Corda (Singer), Lc. cretaceus (Bull.) Locq., Lc. ianthinus (Sacc.) Locq., and Lc. straminellus (Bagl.) Narducci & Caroti. For these taxa, a tropical origin has been suggested, but in many cases, it remains to be confirmed by collections in tropical areas and by matching the molecular data of tropical and temperate collections (Candusso and Lanzoni 1990; Vellinga 2001, 2004a; Birkebak 2010).
Some species of lepiotaceous fungi (white- and greenspored members of the Agaricaceae, see Vellinga 2004a) have even been described as new based solely on collections from greenhouse habitats in temperate areas. One example is Leucocoprinus heinemannii Migl., originally described from a greenhouse in Rome, Italy (Migliozzi 1987). This species belongs to a very diverse group of species, characterized morphologically by the small to medium size of the basidiomes, overall white colors except for the dark squamules on the pileus (dark brown, gray, black, or dark purple), and basidiospores without a germ pore. Species with these characteristics do not form a monophyletic group in the phylogenies; instead, they are spread out in the broader Leucoagaricus/ Leucocoprinus clade, despite being very similar to each other
Editorial Responsibility: Zhu-Liang Yang * Alfredo Justo [email protected]
2
Herbario Jardín Botánico Nacional Dr. Rafael Ma. Moscoso, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
* Alfredo Vizzini
3
Pordenone, Italy
4
Montecchio Maggiore, Italy
Claudio Angelini [email protected]
5
Department of Environmental and Life Science, Section Botany, University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio 1, I-09123 Cagliari, Italy
Alessia Tatti [email protected]
6
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