University Evolution, Entrepreneurial Activity and Regional Competitiveness
This book aims to bring together different contributions highlighting how the recent changes that modify universities’ activities, such as the necessity to internationalize and crucially rely on third party funding, and the new entrepreneurial trajectorie
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David Audretsch Erik Lehmann Michele Meoli Silvio Vismara Editors
University Evolution, Entrepreneurial Activity and Regional Competitiveness
International Studies in Entrepreneurship
Volume 32
Series editors Zoltan J. Acs, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA David B. Audretsch, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/6149
David Audretsch • Erik Lehmann • Michele Meoli • Silvio Vismara Editors
University Evolution, Entrepreneurial Activity and Regional Competitiveness
Editors David Audretsch Indiana University Bloomington Indiana USA Michele Meoli Technology Management University of Bergamo Bergamo Italy
Erik Lehmann Augsburg University Augsburg Germany Silvio Vismara University of Bergamo Bergamo Italy
ISSN 1572-1922 ISSN 2197-5884 (electronic) International Studies in Entrepreneurship ISBN 978-3-319-17712-0 ISBN 978-3-319-17713-7 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-17713-7 Library of Congress Control Number: 2015944510 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Origin of the Work
In today’s globalized and knowledge-driven society, regions represent the key loci in the organization and governance of economic growth and, more generally, wealth creation. As they have been increasingly recognized as economic entities which base their growth on innovation, knowledge represents the major factor in achieving regional competitiveness (Huggins et al. 2008). The economic growth literature (Mankiw et al. 1992; Romer 1990; Lucas 1988) viewed knowledge embedded in human capital as the key element to foster the competitiveness between territories. However, knowledge, and particularly that able to foster innovation, is not free, but tacit, which cannot be easi
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