Using Growth and Ionic Contents of Wheat Seedlings as Rapid Screening Tool for Salt Tolerance
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J. Crop Sci. Biotech. 2018 (June) 21 (2) : 173 ~ 181 DOI No. 10.1007/s12892-017-0037-0 RESEARCH ARTICLE
Using Growth and Ionic Contents of Wheat Seedlings as Rapid Screening Tool for Salt Tolerance Wajid Mahboob*, Muhammad Athar Khan, Muhammad Ubaidullah Shirazi, Saba Mumtaz, Aisha Shereen Nuclear Institute of Agriculture, Tando Jam, Hyderabad-70050, Pakistan Received: December 12, 2017 / Revised: February 04, 2018 / Accepted: February 12, 2018 Ⓒ Korean Society of Crop Science and Springer 2018
Abstract High germination percentage with vigorous early growth is preferred for harvesting good wheat stand under saline soils. Therefore, an attempt for rapid screening of wheat genotypes for salt tolerance was made in this study. Eleven wheat genotypes including salt tolerant check Kiran-95were subjected to salinity (120 and 160 mMNaCl) along with non-saline control. Results showed a gradual decrease in seed germination and restricted seedling growth in tested wheat genotypes in response to increasing NaCl concentration in nutrient solution. Among the genotypes, NIA-AS-14-6 and NIA-AS-14-7 exhibited more sensitivity towards the salt stress at the germination stage but NIA-AS-14-6 performed quite satisfactorily later on at the seedling stage. Wheat genotypes NIA-AS-14-2, NIA-AS-14-4, NIA-AS-14-5, NIA-AS-14-10, and Kiran-95 showed better performance in term of root-shoot length, plant biomasses (fresh and dry), K+:Na+ ratio with least Na+ content, and high accumulation of K+ at higher levels of NaCl stress. On the basis of overall results, the categorization of genotypes was carried out as sensitive, moderately tolerant, and tolerant. Wheat genotypes NIA-AS-14-2, NIA-AS-14-4, NIA-AS-14-5, NIA-AS-14-10, and Kiran-95 grouped as tolerant, moderately salt tolerant group comprised of NIA-AS-14-1, NIA-AS-14-3, NIA-AS-14-6, and NIA-AS-14-8, whereas, NIA-AS-14-7 and NIA-AS-14-9 were found sensitive to salt stress. Principal component analysis revealed that components I and II contributed 70 and 16.5%, respectively. All growth parameters are associated with each other except RDW. In addition to growth traits, low Na+ and improved K+ content with better K+:Na+ ratio may be used for screening of salt tolerance in wheat as potential physiological criteria. Key words : Screening, germination, salinity, Na/K ratio, wheat
Introduction Wheat (TriticumaestivumL.) is the main staple food for Asia as well as for more than one-third of the world’s population and contributes more calories and protein to the world diet than any other cereal (Shiraziet al. 2001). Wheat is a leading cereal crop in Pakistan, which is cultivated all over the country. Wheat contributes 9.9% to the value added in agriculture and 2% to the GDP of Pakistan which is ranked among the top wheat-producing countries of the world (Anonymous 2015). Among the abiotic stresses, soil salinity is most important affecting seed germination, crop growth, and productivity (Sairamet al. 2002). Salinity influenced the crop stand establishment which has significant importance and is t
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