Room-temperature synthesis of ZnO@GO nanocomposites as anode for lithium-ion batteries
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Ce Zhanga) Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology (CAST), Beijing 100094, China
Shengtang Liu Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology (CAST), Beijing 100094, China; and Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Yanqing Zong and Yi Menb) Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China (Received 16 January 2018; accepted 9 April 2018)
In this study, a facile room-temperature solution method is developed for the preparation of zinc oxide@graphene oxide (ZnO@GO) nanocomposites. Unlike the general process to obtain crystallized materials by heating, the room temperature we used can generate fine ZnO@GO nanocomposites with ultra-small ZnO nanocrystal (;8 nm) and high weight content (;84%). The obtained ZnO@GO nanocomposite was thoroughly characterized by various physicochemical techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, indicating well-dispersed ZnO on the GO layer and strong interaction between the each other. As an anode material for lithium-ion batteries, ZnO@GO exhibits high specific reversible capacity and excellent cycling performance, which can be ascribed to the role of GO in preventing the agglomeration of the ZnO nanoparticles by creating the decorated nanoscale composite during the electrochemical process.
I. INTRODUCTION
Nanostructured materials have been receiving much attention in recent years due to their exquisite microstructure, improved physicochemical properties, and a broad prospect of applications.1 However, most nanostructured materials, such as semiconductors or carbon materials (i.e., graphene) are liable to agglomeration, which affects the properties and hinders their applications.2 To overcome this drawback, the binary composites of semiconductors and carbon materials were developed to prevent each other from agglomeration as a result of the synergic effect between the components.3–5 Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are important semiconductor materials due to their unique properties including nontoxicity, low cost and good chemical stability, and variety of applications such as optics,6,7 Address all correspondence to these authors. a) e-mail: [email protected] b) e-mail: [email protected] DOI: 10.1557/jmr.2018.110
photocatalysts,8–10 and gas sensors,11,12 as well as a promising anode for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) because of their high theoretical capacity (988 mA h/g).13,14 However, the self-aggregation of ZnO NPs leads to destruction of the microstructure and deteriorate the performance of the material as a catalyst or electrode in real application.15,16 On the other hand, graphene as a twodimensional (2D) carbon allotrope with great potential applications both in physics and chemistry has also r
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