Solar Cell Array Design Handbook The Principles and Technology of Ph
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Solar Cell Array Design Handbook
The Principles and Technology of Photovoltaic Energy Conversion H. s. Rauschenbach Special Assistant for Advanced Technology TR WDefense and Space Systems Group
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Van Nostrand Reinhold Company Regional Offices: New York Cincinnati Atlanta Dallas San Francisco Van Nostrand Reinhold Company International Offices: London Toronto Melbourne Copyright © 1980 by Litton Educational Publishing, Inc. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1980 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 79-9389 ISBN-13: 978-94-011-7917-1 e-ISBN-13: 978-94-011-7915-7 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-7915-7 All rights reserved. No part of this work covered by the copyright heroon may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means-graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, or information storage and retrieval systems--without permission of the publisher. Manufactured in the United States of America Published by Van Nostrand Reinhold Company 135 West 50th Street, New York. N.Y. 10020 Published simultaneously in Canada by Van Nostrand Reinhold Ud. 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Rauschenbach, Hans S
Solar cell array design handbook.
Includes index.' 1. Solar batteries. 2. Photovoltaic power generation. I. Title. TK2960.R35 621.47'5 79-9389
IDreface
Solar cells and solar cell arrays-photovoltaic converters of solar energy into electric energyare a reality. In a time period of two decades, solar cell arrays have grown in size from less than 1 watt to hundreds of kilowatts of electrical output in terrestrial applications and to over 10 kilowatts of output in space. New designs are on the drawing boards and in development laboratories all over the world for terrestrial and space arrays having hundreds and thousands of kilowatts of electric power output. Solar cell efficiency has increased from just a feeble response to sunlight to nearly 20%, surpassing the luminous efficiency of the incandescent light bulb on the way. Solar cell array costs are decreasing rapidly, making photovoltaic electric energy affordable and competitive today in remo te areas. In the same two-decade time span, the solar cell array design effort has matured from a spirited pioneering effort into a sophisticated, sys-
tematized, computer-aided process. While it has not been possible to adequately define or improve, or otherwise influence the creative design activity, all other aspects of the design process have been formalized and, for good reason, subjected to documentation, control, and verification. As the 1970's draw to a elose, we find ourselves engulfed by flurrying activities in photovoltaics. While we stand at the threshold of an unprecedented economical exploitation of this particular solar energy conversion technology, we should also realize that all the "easy" inventions have perhaps been made already. From here on, the going can be expected to get tougher. It is hoped that
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