Speciation of Organoarsenic Species in Food of Animal Origin Using Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE) with Determinati
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Speciation of Organoarsenic Species in Food of Animal Origin Using Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE) with Determination by HPLC-Hydride Generation-Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry (HG-AFS) Jian Cui & Ya-bing Xiao & Li Dai & Xue-hong Zhao & Yan Wang Received: 21 September 2012 / Accepted: 6 November 2012 / Published online: 23 November 2012 # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2012
Abstract Concerning the residual organoarsenical feed additives, an effective method has been developed for the separation and determination of organoarsenic species including p-arsanilic acid (ASA), nitarsone (NIT) and roxarsone (ROX) in the food of animal tissue origin by highperformance liquid chromatography coupled to ultraviolet oxidation hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry using a C18 column with 50 mM KH2PO4, 0.1 %v/v trifluoroacetic acid at pH 2.43 as the mobile phase. Accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) as an effective sample preparation method was used to deal with animal meat to extract organoarsenic species. The ASE conditions, including extraction solvent, temperature, static extraction time, flush volume and cycle time, were investigated in terms of extraction yield and species stability. In this paper, aimed to separate these species efficiently, the conditions of the mobile phase and HG system were also investigated. The methodology developed allows us limits of detection and quantification of 0.24, 0.74, 0.41 and 0.72, 2.24, 1.24 ng mL−1 for ASA, NIT and ROX, respectively. This method was used to separate and determine three organoarsenic species in porcine and chicken liver samples that were purchased at a supermarket in China. At the optimized conditions, the ranges of concentrations of the three arsenic species were found to be varied from 3 to 9 ngmL−1. The results of recovery rates and RSDs, which were higher than 94 % and lower than 5 %, respectively, approved it to be a Jian Cui and Ya-bing Xiao contributed equally to this work. J. Cui : L. Dai : X.-h. Zhao : Y. Wang (*) College of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electonics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China e-mail: [email protected] Y.-b. Xiao Tianjin Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
convenient, fast and efficient method for the determination of organoarsenic species in animal tissue. Keywords Arsanilic acid . Nitarsone . Roxarsone . Accelerated solvent extraction . Atomic fluorescence spectrometry
Introduction Arsanilic acid (ASA), nitarsone (4-nitrophenylarsonic acid) (NIT) and roxarsone (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenylarsonic acid) (ROX; see Fig. 1) were the best known arsenic species, which were widely used as feed additives in the poultry industry to control coccidial intestinal parasites (Garbarino et al. 2003a, b). Arsanilic acid and roxarsone were used to prevent and treat coccidiosis in poultry and haemorrhagic enteritis in porcines. Nitarsone was the drug of choice to prevent and treat histomoniasis (blackhead), a disease which was caused by the protozoa
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