The effects of elevated-CO 2 on physiological performance of Bryopsis plumosa
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The effects of elevated-CO2 on physiological performance of Bryopsis plumosa YILDIZ Gamze1, DERE Şükran1 1 Biology Department, Science and Arts Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa 16059, Turkey
Received 14 February 2014; accepted 28 May 2014 ©The Chinese Society of Oceanography and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015
Abstract
An increase in the level of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and the resultant rise in CO2 in seawater alter the inorganic carbon concentrations of seawater. This change, known as ocean acidification, causes lower pH in seawater and may affect the physiology of seaweed species. Accordingly, the main goal of the current study was to determine the physiological responses of Bryopsis plumosa to elevated-CO 2 . The results indicated that photosynthesis of B. plumosa was insignificantly affected to elevated-CO2, but photosynthetic pigment contents and phenolics were significantly decreased. The results obtained from the research reveal that B. plumosa may become physiologically advanced when exposed to CO2-induced ocean acidification. In particular, B. plumosa may be more able to compete with calcifying algae when it will become future predicted CO2 scenario. Key words: Bryopsis plumosa, chlorophyll fluorescence, ocean acidification, photosynthesis Citation: Yildiz Gamze, Dere Şükran. 2015. The effects of elevated-CO 2 on physiological performance of Bryopsis plumosa. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 34(4): 125–129, doi: 10.1007/s13131-015-0652-5
1 Introduction After the Industrial Revolution, increased atmospheric CO2 concentration caused a change in the carbon chemistry of seawater. This change, known as ocean acidification, causes higher concentrations of bicarbonate (HCO3–), lower pH, concentration of carbonate (CO3–2) and a saturation state of calcium carbonate (Caldeira and Wickett, 2003; Orr et al., 2005). This new composition of the dissolved inorganic carbon pool corresponds to a predicted 0.3–0.4 unit drop in pH of the ocean surface by the end of the century (The Royal Society, 2005). The effects of increased CO2 concentration on marine organisms, including phytoplankton (Riebesell et al., 2007), coralline algae (Büdenbender et al., 2011) shellfish (Gazeau et al., 2007) and fish (Forsgren et al., 2013), have been relatively well studied. Among these organisms, macroalgae are especially important to investigate due to their ecological importance and their ability to become primer producers. In the last decade, laboratory (Harley et al., 2012) and field (Hall-Spencer et al., 2008; Porzio et al., 2011, 2013) experiments in natural CO2 vents have shown that ocean acidification may significantly affect the physiological performance of macroalgae in diverse ways. Some species are able to advance (Gordillo et al., 2001; Zou, 2005; Zou et al., 2007), while other species are negatively affected (Gao et al., 1993) or show no response to ocean acidification (Israel and Hophy, 2002). Previous studies have shown that increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration can enhance photosynthesis (Suárez-Álvarez et a
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