The Vertebrate Blood-Gas Barrier in Health and Disease Structure, De
This comprehensive volume on the blood-gas barrier (BGB) among vertebrates covers its structure and composition along with aspects of evolution, bioengineering, and morphometry. The book also discusses the embryological development of the BGB, including c
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Andrew N. Makanya Editor
The Vertebrate Blood-Gas Barrier in Health and Disease Structure, Development and Remodeling
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Editor Andrew N. Makanya Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
ISBN 978-3-319-18391-6 ISBN 978-3-319-18392-3 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-18392-3 Library of Congress Control Number: 2015943074 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
The blood–gas barrier (BGB) in vertebrates is the tissue interface separating the ambient oxygen from red blood cells within the capillaries of the gas-exchanging organs. The BGB allows acquisition of O2 from the ambience in exchange for CO2 from respiring tissues. To accomplish this, the BGB has a unique tripartite structure which can be remodelled to accomplish specific diffusion needs. Although the scope of vertebrates is very diverse in terms of zoogeography and even physiology, the structure of the BGB has been well preserved through evolution. This book broadly covers the entire BGB in 10 chapters; from aspects of diffusion, structure, embryological development, injury and remodelling, to preservation during tissue transportation. The book would therefore be interesting to students, teachers, researchers and even clinicians dealing with respiratory biology. Passage of gases via the BGB occurs through simple diffusion because diffusion is an ‘economical process’. Diffusion is an almost unavoidable phenomenon built in the energy of the universe. At temperatures above the absolute zero, all particles have some thermal energy responsible for various forms of interactions, which allows atoms to disperse spontaneously within a crystal of their own species (Piiper et al. 1971). The thermodynamic activity is respon
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