Thermal, ultrasonic and electrochemical pretreatment methods to enhance the solubilization of organic substance and meth
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Thermal, ultrasonic and electrochemical pretreatment methods to enhance the solubilization of organic substance and methane generation in food waste T. U. Habarakada Liyanage1 · S. Babel1 Received: 10 December 2019 / Accepted: 26 March 2020 © Springer Japan KK, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Food waste accounts for the largest fraction of municipal solid waste, and one-third of the food produced goes to waste. According to experts, the total food waste generation is expected to increase by 44%, by 2025. In this research, thermal, ultrasonic, and electrochemical pretreatments were used to enhance the solubilization and methane generation using food waste as the substrate. Different pretreatment conditions were examined to determine the optimum conditions for each pretreatment. The highest solubilization was observed at 20 V for 40 min with electrochemical pretreatment. Compared to the control, this was a 40–47% increase. For thermal pretreatment, 80 °C for 90 min, was selected as best conditions. The 2 W/ mL for 30 min and 20 V for 40 min pretreatments were selected as the optimum conditions for ultrasonication and electrochemical pretreatments, respectively. The optimum buffer concentration was selected as 300 mg per g VS (volatile solids). The thermal pretreatment had the highest cumulative methane yield of 113.19 mL per g VS, which was an 11% increase compared to the control. This study shows the potential use of pretreatments on food waste to increase the solubilization and enhance methane production. Keywords Food waste · Pretreatments · Anaerobic digestion · Solubilization · Biomethane
Introduction Biogas generation has been known and used for decades as a method of generating renewable energy and as a waste management method. In the 1970s, the price of energy increased exponentially. This led to the investigation of anaerobic digestion as an attractive method of generating inexpensive renewable energy and to reduce the dependence on fossil fuels. Even though the oil price started to decrease in 1985, the importance of anaerobic digestion was understood, as a potential energy generation method and a solution for waste [1]. At the present time, anaerobic digestion is mainly used for activated sludge treatment, industrial wastewater treatment, agricultural and livestock waste management, etc.[1]. * S. Babel [email protected] 1
School of Biochemical Engineering and Technology, Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
This work focuses on food waste as a potential substrate for anaerobic digestion. There are 4 steps in anaerobic digestion which are hydrolysis, acidogenesis or fermentation, acetogenesis, and methanogenesis. Each of these steps requires different microorganisms. There are several parameters that affect anaerobic digestion such as pH, temperature, toxicity, inhibitors, loading rate, hydraulic retention time (HRT), carbon–nitrogen ratio, volatile fatty acids (VFA). In the anaerobic digestion process, hydrolysis
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