Transplanted hair follicle stem cells migrate to the penumbra and express neural markers in a rat model of cerebral isch
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RESEARCH
Open Access
Transplanted hair follicle stem cells migrate to the penumbra and express neural markers in a rat model of cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion Xuemei Zhang†, Hao Tang†, Senlin Mao†, Bing Li, Yinglian Zhou, Hui Yue, Duo Wang, Yifei Wang and Jin Fu*
Abstract Background: Ischaemic stroke has become the main cause of death and severe neurological disorders, for which effective restorative treatments are currently limited. While stem cell transplantation offers therapeutic potential through neural regeneration, this approach is associated with the challenges of limited applicable sources. Hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) are multipotential cells that can differentiate into ectodermal and mesodermal lineages and proliferate for long periods. The therapeutic potentials of HFSCs have not been investigated in ischaemic stroke models, and therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine whether they could survive and migrate to ischaemic areas after a stroke attack. Methods: A rat model of middle cerebral artery ischaemia/reperfusion was established and intravenously administered HFSCs. The potential of HFSCs to migrate and differentiate into neuron-like cells as well as their ability to reduce the infarct size was evaluated. Rat brain tissue samples were collected 2 weeks after cell transplantation and analysed via TTC staining, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry methods. The data were statistically analysed and presented as the means ± standard deviations. Results: Intravenously administrated rat HFSCs were able to migrate to the penumbra where they expressed neuronspecific markers, reduced the infarct volume and promoted neurological recovery. Conclusion: HFSC transplantation has therapeutic potential for ischaemic stroke and is, therefore, worthy of further investigation toward possible clinical development for treating stroke patients. Keywords: Hair follicle stem cells, Ischaemia/reperfusion, Cell transplantation, Homing, Differentiation
Background Ischaemic stroke has become the main cause of disability and death worldwide [1]. The number of patients who can undergo recanalization therapy is restricted because of the strict eligibility criteria and narrow time window * Correspondence: [email protected] † Xuemei Zhang, Hao Tang and Senlin Mao contributed equally to this work. Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No.246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
[2, 3]. The central nervous system (CNS) can hardly regenerate under pathological conditions, which leads to irreversible neurological disabilities. However, regenerative medicine brings new hope for functional organ reconstruction. For many CNS diseases, such as spinal cord injury and stroke, stem cell transplantation is a practical regenerative strategy; however, it is associated with inevitable challenges. For example, neural or embryonic stem cells are suitable stem cell sources for CNS diseases; however,
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