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Forest and Rangeland Soils of the United States Under Changing Conditions A Comprehensive Science Synthesis

Forest and Rangeland Soils of the United States Under Changing Conditions

Richard V. Pouyat  •  Deborah S. Page-Dumroese Toral Patel-Weynand  •  Linda H. Geiser Editors

Forest and Rangeland Soils of the United States Under Changing Conditions A Comprehensive Science Synthesis

Editors Richard V. Pouyat Northern Research Station USDA Forest Service Newark, DE, USA

Deborah S. Page-Dumroese Rocky Mountain Research Station USDA Forest Service Moscow, ID, USA

Toral Patel-Weynand Washington Office USDA Forest Service Washington, DC, USA

Linda H. Geiser Washington Office USDA Forest Service Washington, DC, USA

ISBN 978-3-030-45215-5    ISBN 978-3-030-45216-2 (eBook)

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45216-2 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2020 . This book is an open access publication. Open Access  This book is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this book are included in the book’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the book’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Cover illustration: The soil around Lake Cleveland on the Sawtooth National Forest is formed in alluvium, colluvium, and residuum from a variety of sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks, dominantly quartzite. (Photo credit: USDA Forest Service) This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG. The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

English Equivalents When you know Millimeters (mm) Centimeters (cm) Meters (m) Kilometers (km) Hectares (ha) Square meters (m2) Square kilomete