Sensitive electrochemical platform for trace determination of Pb 2+ based on multilayer Bi-MOFs/reduced graphene oxide f
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Sensitive electrochemical platform for trace determination of Pb2+ based on multilayer Bi-MOFs/reduced graphene oxide films modified electrode Jin Zou 1,2 & Wei Zhong 2 & Feng Gao 2 & Xiaolong Tu 2 & Shangxing Chen 1 & Xigen Huang 1,2 & Xiaoqiang Wang 2 & Limin Lu 1,2 & Yongfang Yu 2 Received: 1 July 2020 / Accepted: 25 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract A multilayer Bi-BTC/reduced graphene oxide (Bi-BTC/rGO) (BTC, 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid) film electrode was adopted to construct a highly sensitive Pb2+ electrochemical sensor. The multilayer Bi-BTC/rGO films were prepared via alternate cast of Bi-BTC and graphene oxide (GO) on a glassy carbon electrode, followed by electro-reduction of the GO components. Bi-BTC has porous broom-like structure and its organic ligand has abundant functional groups, which are favorable for Pb2+ adsorption and preconcentration. The introduction of rGO layer improves the conductivity of the MOFs material. Moreover, the multilayer composite structure greatly increased the exposure of active sites and the surface area of reactive contact, finally realizing the highly sensitive detection of Pb2+. Pb2+ was determined by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry and the response current was recorded at − 0.62 V. The [Bi-BTC/rGO]2 electrode provides a wide linear response ranging from 0.062 to 20.72 μg/L and a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.021 μg/L (S/N = 3) for Pb2+, which is lower than the guideline value proposed by the World Health Organization. The method has been applied to determine Pb2+ in industrial wastewater with recoveries of 99.2–104% and RSDs of 3.4–4.0% (n = 3).
Keywords Bi-BTC . Graphene . Layer-by-layer assembly . Differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry . Determination of Pb2+ . Electrochemical sensor
Introduction Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-020-04571-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Shangxing Chen [email protected] * Xigen Huang [email protected] * Limin Lu [email protected] 1
College of Forestry, JXAU, East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of NF&GA, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
2
Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Utilization of Plant Resources of Nanchang, College of Science, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, People’s Republic of China
Pb2+ is one of the most well-known toxic heavy metals for people and environment [1–3]; thus, its trace analysis is highly demanded and urgent. To date, several analytical strategies have been developed to detect Pb2+, such as inductive microprobes [4], atomic absorption/emission spectrometry [5], voltammetric sensors [6], X-ray fluorescence spectrometry [7], surface-enhanced Raman scattering [8], and colorimetric spectrometry [9]. Especially, voltammetric methods are highly favorable strategies for
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