A novel high-performance CeO 2 -CuMn 2 O 4 catalyst for toluene degradation
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
A novel high-performance CeO2-CuMn2O4 catalyst for toluene degradation Ting Zhou 1 & Aijuan Xie 1
&
Qing Wang 1 & Xiang Li 1 & Zerui Zhu 1 & Wanqi Zhang 1 & Yuwei Tao 2 & Shiping Luo 1
Received: 16 April 2020 / Accepted: 17 July 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract A series of spinel CuM2O4 (M = Mn, Fe, and Al) was used as the catalyst to investigate the effective degradation of toluene, and then CuMn2O4 with better catalytic activity was selected as the research object to study its activity at different ratios of Cu and Mn. Meanwhile, CeO2 was introduced to modify CuMn bimetallic oxide to improve its catalytic performance. The structure, morphology, and valence states of surface elements of as-prepared catalysts were characterized by XRD, TEM, SEM, N2 adsorption-desorption, XPS, and H2-TPR. Using toluene as a probe molecule, the catalytic activity of the catalyst was tested and the results showed that the conversion rate of toluene catalyzed by CeO2-CuMn2O4 catalyst can reach 90% at 200 °C (T90) and 100% at 240 °C (T100). The CO2 yield can also reach 100% at 248 °C. Moreover, the possible catalytic mechanism for toluene by the CeO2-CuMn2O4 was briefly explored. The catalytic oxidation of toluene over the oxide follows the Mars-van Krevelen mechanism. Keywords Spinel . CuMn2O4 . Gaseous toluene . Conversion rate . Catalytic degradation
Introduction Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been recognized as one of the major hazards to the environment and human health for a long time (Kondratowicz et al. 2019). Due to the toxicity and carcinogenicity of VOCs, most of them not only destroy the ozone layer and cause harm to the environment but also react with other air pollutants to form photochemical smog (such as nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides). Prolonged exposure to these substances can also threaten human health and cause irreversible damage (Zhang et al. 2016;
Ting Zhou and Aijuan Xie have equal contribution to this work and should be regarded as first joint authors. Responsible Editor: Santiago V. Luis * Aijuan Xie [email protected] * Shiping Luo [email protected] 1
School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, People’s Republic of China
2
Center of Information Development and Management, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, People’s Republic of China
Colman Lerner et al. 2012). Toluene, one of the VOCs, is mainly derived from chemical plants, as well as from gasoline-related emissions and solvent losses and emissions from industrial activities. In most benzene series, toluene is more difficult to remove than m-xylene and benzene. Given the extreme adverse effects of VOCs on the environment and human health, and the gradual increase in VOC emissions, governments around the world have set increasingly stringent emission standards to limit the production of VOCs in a variety of industries. Over the past few decades, a variety of control technologies have been used to remove VOCs (Zhang et al. 2018), such as cata
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